Prognostic impact and potential interaction of EGFR and c-Met in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

This study is to examine EGFR and c-Met variation in precancerous lesion, early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and advanced ESCC and to explore their prognostic significance. EGFR and c-Met were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Of 158 endoscopy resection (ER) specimens, c-Met high expression and FISH positive were 44.9 and 12.6 %, respectively. EGFR high expression and FISH positive were 2.5 and 19.6 %, respectively. Of 84 surgical specimens, c-Met high expression and FISH positive were 50 and 8.3 %, respectively. EGFR high expression and FISH positive were 7.1 and 28.5 %, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between c-Met and EGFR FISH positive both in ER (P < 0.001) and surgical specimens (P = 0.029). Patients with EGFR high expression had poorer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.031 and P = 0.013) in c-Met high-expression group but not in c-Met low-expression group (P = 0.301 and P = 0.439). C-Met FISH positive did not represent a statistically significant adverse prognosis until 24 months later (P = 0.027 and 0.048). EGFR and c-Met might be involved in the tumorigenesis and development of ESCC. EGFR high expression has different prognostic significance in patients with differing c-Met expression status. C-Met FISH positive represent delayed prognostic factor.