Hye-Sun Shin1, Myung-Seop Shin1, Yoo-Been Ahn1, Bo-Youl Choi2, Jung-Hyun Nam3, Hyun-Duck Kim1,4. 1. Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea. 3. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea. 4. Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment in elderly Koreans. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with age- and sex-matched case-control selection. SETTING: The Yangpyeong cardiovascular cohort (YCC), a part of the Korean Genome Epidemiologic Study (KoGES), Yangpyeong, South Korea. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals with cognitive impairment (n=65) and cognitively normal controls (n=124) aged 60 and older from the YCC. MEASUREMENTS: Alveolar bone loss was assessed on dental panoramic radiographs to categorize the cumulative history of periodontitis (HOP) into three groups: normal, moderate periodontitis, severe periodontitis. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to categorize participants as cognitively normal or cognitively impaired. Age- and sex-matched conditional logistic regression models were used for analysis. Confounders considered in the analysis were age, sex, drinking, smoking, exercise, total cholesterol, total protein, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, intima-media thickness, hypertension medication, and depression. RESULTS: Participants with HOP were more likely to have cognitive impairment than those without (odds ratio=2.14, 95% confidence interval=1.04-4.41). The interaction effect of smoking and exercise on periodontitis highlighted the link. CONCLUSION: Periodontitis was independently associated with cognitive impairment after controlling for various confounders. Further longitudinal research is needed to determine whether periodontitis plays a role in cognitive decline in older adults.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment in elderly Koreans. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with age- and sex-matched case-control selection. SETTING: The Yangpyeong cardiovascular cohort (YCC), a part of the Korean Genome Epidemiologic Study (KoGES), Yangpyeong, South Korea. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals with cognitive impairment (n=65) and cognitively normal controls (n=124) aged 60 and older from the YCC. MEASUREMENTS: Alveolar bone loss was assessed on dental panoramic radiographs to categorize the cumulative history of periodontitis (HOP) into three groups: normal, moderate periodontitis, severe periodontitis. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to categorize participants as cognitively normal or cognitively impaired. Age- and sex-matched conditional logistic regression models were used for analysis. Confounders considered in the analysis were age, sex, drinking, smoking, exercise, total cholesterol, total protein, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, intima-media thickness, hypertension medication, and depression. RESULTS:Participants with HOP were more likely to have cognitive impairment than those without (odds ratio=2.14, 95% confidence interval=1.04-4.41). The interaction effect of smoking and exercise on periodontitis highlighted the link. CONCLUSION:Periodontitis was independently associated with cognitive impairment after controlling for various confounders. Further longitudinal research is needed to determine whether periodontitis plays a role in cognitive decline in older adults.
Authors: Hamdi S Adam; Kamakshi Lakshminarayan; Wendy Wang; Faye L Norby; Thomas Mosley; Keenan A Walker; Rebecca F Gottesman; Katie Meyer; Timothy M Hughes; James S Pankow; Dean F Wong; Clifford R Jack; Souvik Sen; Pamela L Lutsey; Jim Beck; Ryan T Demmer Journal: J Clin Periodontol Date: 2022-01-27 Impact factor: 8.728
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