Kristy A Bolton1, Felice Jacka2,3,4,5, Steven Allender6, Peter Kremer7,8, Lisa Gibbs9, Elizabeth Waters9, Andrea de Silva10,11. 1. WHO Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. kabolton@deakin.edu.au. 2. Division of Nutritional Psychiatry Research, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. 3. Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 4. Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 5. Black Dog Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 6. WHO Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. 7. School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. 8. Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. 9. Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia. 10. Centre of Applied Oral Health Research, Dental Health Services Victoria, Carlton, Victoria, Australia. 11. Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study examines the relationship between diet quality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in rural and urban Australian adolescents, and gender differences. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Secondary schools. PARTICIPANTS: 722 rural and 422 urban students from 19 secondary schools. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-report dietary-related behaviours, demographic information, HRQoL (AQoL-6D) were collected. Healthy and unhealthy diet quality scores were calculated; multiple linear regression investigated associations between diet quality and HRQoL. RESULTS: Compared to urban students, rural students had higher HRQoL, higher healthy diet score, lower unhealthy diet score, consumed less soft drink and less frequently, less takeaway and a higher proportion consumed breakfast (P < 0.05). Overall, males had higher unhealthy diet score, poorer dietary behaviours but a higher HRQoL score compared to females (P < 0.05). In all students, final regression models indicated: a unit increase in healthy diet score was associated with an increase in HRQoL (unstandardised coefficient(B)±standard error(SE); B = 0.02 ± 0.01(SE); P < 0.02); and a unit increase in unhealthy diet scores was associated with a decrease in HRQoL (-0.01 ± 0.00; P < 0.05). In rural students alone, a unit increase in unhealthy diet score was associated with a decrease in HRQoL (B = -0.01 ± 0.00; P = 0.002), and in urban students a unit increase in healthy diet score was associated with an increase in HRQoL (B = 0.02 ± 0.00; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional associations between diet quality and HRQoL were observed. Dietary modification may offer a target to improve HRQoL and general well-being; and consequently the prevention and treatment of adolescent health problems. Such interventions should consider gender and locality.
OBJECTIVE: This study examines the relationship between diet quality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in rural and urban Australian adolescents, and gender differences. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Secondary schools. PARTICIPANTS: 722 rural and 422 urban students from 19 secondary schools. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-report dietary-related behaviours, demographic information, HRQoL (AQoL-6D) were collected. Healthy and unhealthy diet quality scores were calculated; multiple linear regression investigated associations between diet quality and HRQoL. RESULTS: Compared to urban students, rural students had higher HRQoL, higher healthy diet score, lower unhealthy diet score, consumed less soft drink and less frequently, less takeaway and a higher proportion consumed breakfast (P < 0.05). Overall, males had higher unhealthy diet score, poorer dietary behaviours but a higher HRQoL score compared to females (P < 0.05). In all students, final regression models indicated: a unit increase in healthy diet score was associated with an increase in HRQoL (unstandardised coefficient(B)±standard error(SE); B = 0.02 ± 0.01(SE); P < 0.02); and a unit increase in unhealthy diet scores was associated with a decrease in HRQoL (-0.01 ± 0.00; P < 0.05). In rural students alone, a unit increase in unhealthy diet score was associated with a decrease in HRQoL (B = -0.01 ± 0.00; P = 0.002), and in urban students a unit increase in healthy diet score was associated with an increase in HRQoL (B = 0.02 ± 0.00; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional associations between diet quality and HRQoL were observed. Dietary modification may offer a target to improve HRQoL and general well-being; and consequently the prevention and treatment of adolescent health problems. Such interventions should consider gender and locality.
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