Tahereh Hassannia1, Ehsan GhaznaviRad2, Rosita Vakili3, Sohaila Taheri4, Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee5. 1. 1 Internal Medicine Department, Baharbo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. 2 Microbiology Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. 3. 3 Center of Pathological and Medical Diagnostic Services, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research (ACECR), Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran. 4. 4 Microbiology Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. 5. 5 Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is a public health concern associated with the pathogenesis of several chronic disorders, particularly in women. AIM: To evaluate serum vitamin D levels and its deficiency and risk factors among employed women in a sunny industrial city. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, serum vitamin D levels, biochemical and hematological factors were assessed in 382 healthy employed women. Demographic information was collected using a standard questionnaire and data was analyzed by SPSS software. RESULTS: The mean vitamin D serum level was 22 ± 19.8 ng/ml. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 62 % and 12.94 %, respectively. Deficiency was more common among younger subjects (< 29 years old). 23.5 % of subjects had normal and 1.35 % had toxic levels of vitamin D. Maximum serum level was observed in part-time job employees (33 ng/ml), and the lowest in Media and Culture Organizations (15 ng/ml).Vitamin D deficiency was associated with the lack of sunlight exposure at home, and taking anti-hypertensive medications. The common symptoms in deficiency condition were history of hyperlipidemia, depression, weakness, fatigue, finger tingling, leg cramps, and body and muscle pain. Moreover, LDL-cholesterol serum levels were significantly higher in the vitamin D deficiency group, with a prevalence of 40 %. CONCLUSION: The symptoms of vitamin D deficiency including depression, weakness, fatigue, tingling, leg cramps and body and muscle pain have been observed in more than 90 % after recruitment and treatment. Therefore, for improving the health and productivity of employees, a routine monitoring system for vitamin D and the other factors should be put in place.
BACKGROUND:Vitamin D deficiency is a public health concern associated with the pathogenesis of several chronic disorders, particularly in women. AIM: To evaluate serum vitamin D levels and its deficiency and risk factors among employed women in a sunny industrial city. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, serum vitamin D levels, biochemical and hematological factors were assessed in 382 healthy employed women. Demographic information was collected using a standard questionnaire and data was analyzed by SPSS software. RESULTS: The mean vitamin D serum level was 22 ± 19.8 ng/ml. Prevalence of vitamin Ddeficiency and insufficiency were 62 % and 12.94 %, respectively. Deficiency was more common among younger subjects (< 29 years old). 23.5 % of subjects had normal and 1.35 % had toxic levels of vitamin D. Maximum serum level was observed in part-time job employees (33 ng/ml), and the lowest in Media and Culture Organizations (15 ng/ml).Vitamin D deficiency was associated with the lack of sunlight exposure at home, and taking anti-hypertensive medications. The common symptoms in deficiency condition were history of hyperlipidemia, depression, weakness, fatigue, finger tingling, leg cramps, and body and muscle pain. Moreover, LDL-cholesterol serum levels were significantly higher in the vitamin D deficiency group, with a prevalence of 40 %. CONCLUSION: The symptoms of vitamin D deficiency including depression, weakness, fatigue, tingling, leg cramps and body and muscle pain have been observed in more than 90 % after recruitment and treatment. Therefore, for improving the health and productivity of employees, a routine monitoring system for vitamin D and the other factors should be put in place.
Entities:
Keywords:
Iran; risk factors; vitamin D deficiency; women