Fatemeh Talebi1, Mehrnaz Rasooli Nejad2, Mehdi Yaseri3, Azar Hadadi4. 1. Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Professor of Infectious Diseases, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. Professor of Infectious Diseases, Research Development Center, Sina hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common disease considered as a major public health problem. It causes considerable morbidity and mortality despite antibiotic treatments. Hospital admission of CAP patients is a significant financial burden and many efforts are ongoing to decrease hospital stay durations. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of respiratory infections. This study was designed to determine the association of vitamin D status with hospitalized CAP patient mortality and disease severity. METHODS: This prospective cohort study examined 180 CAP patients admitted to a teaching Hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2016-2017. Their demographic and anthropometric characteristics were recorded. The disease severity was evaluated based on CURB-65. Vitamin D status was determined by measuring by serum 25-hydroxylated vitamin D (25(OH)D) with ELISA. The patients were followed for 30 days to evaluate their vitality. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty pneumonia patients, including 104 males and 84 females, were recruited from respiratory disease, infectious disease, emergency, and ICU wards. Nearly 18% of the patients were current smokers. The CAP severity, evaluated by CURB-65, was determined to be non-severe in 74.4% of the patients. Patients were classified as vitamin D sufficient, insufficient, or deficient. Thirty percent of the patients were vitamin D sufficient, 18% were insufficient, and 52% were deficient. Thirty-day mortality was 40% (72 cases). Mortality was greater in males than in females (47.1% vs. 30.3%, p=0.03). The disease was significantly less severe in the patients who survived than in those who did not. The vitamin D status differed between males and females (p=0.027). The vitamin D status was lower in the more severe cases than in the less (p=0.036), and vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in patients who died than in those who lived. Vitamin D concentration was negatively correlated with hospital stay duration. The 25(OH)D concentration was significantly greater in patients who survived than in those who did not (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Pneumonia severity and mortality risk were greater and hospital stays longer in vitamin D-deficient patients than in those with higher vitamin D status.
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common disease considered as a major public health problem. It causes considerable morbidity and mortality despite antibiotic treatments. Hospital admission of CAP patients is a significant financial burden and many efforts are ongoing to decrease hospital stay durations. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of respiratory infections. This study was designed to determine the association of vitamin D status with hospitalized CAP patient mortality and disease severity. METHODS: This prospective cohort study examined 180 CAP patients admitted to a teaching Hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2016-2017. Their demographic and anthropometric characteristics were recorded. The disease severity was evaluated based on CURB-65. Vitamin D status was determined by measuring by serum 25-hydroxylated vitamin D (25(OH)D) with ELISA. The patients were followed for 30 days to evaluate their vitality. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty pneumonia patients, including 104 males and 84 females, were recruited from respiratory disease, infectious disease, emergency, and ICU wards. Nearly 18% of the patients were current smokers. The CAP severity, evaluated by CURB-65, was determined to be non-severe in 74.4% of the patients. Patients were classified as vitamin D sufficient, insufficient, or deficient. Thirty percent of the patients were vitamin D sufficient, 18% were insufficient, and 52% were deficient. Thirty-day mortality was 40% (72 cases). Mortality was greater in males than in females (47.1% vs. 30.3%, p=0.03). The disease was significantly less severe in the patients who survived than in those who did not. The vitamin D status differed between males and females (p=0.027). The vitamin D status was lower in the more severe cases than in the less (p=0.036), and vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in patients who died than in those who lived. Vitamin D concentration was negatively correlated with hospital stay duration. The 25(OH)D concentration was significantly greater in patients who survived than in those who did not (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Pneumonia severity and mortality risk were greater and hospital stays longer in vitamin D-deficient patients than in those with higher vitamin D status.
Entities:
Keywords:
Disease severity; Mortality; Pneumonia; Vitamin D
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