Evelyn Mikaela Kogawa1,2,3, Daniela Corrêa Grisi4, Denise Pinheiro Falcão5, Ingrid Aquino Amorim6,7, Taia Maria Berto Rezende4,6,7, Izabel Cristina Rodrigues da Silva8, Osmar Nascimento Silva7,9, Octávio Luiz Franco7,9,10,11, Rivadávio Fernandes Batista de Amorim5. 1. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. mikaela.kogawa@gmail.com. 2. Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. mikaela.kogawa@gmail.com. 3. Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 lote 01 EPCT Campus I Bloco S - sala S213, Bairro: Águas Claras - CEP, 71966-700, Taguatinga/DF, Brasília, Brazil. mikaela.kogawa@gmail.com. 4. Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. 5. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. 6. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. 7. Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. 8. FCE, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. 9. Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biotecnologia e Genética), Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil. 10. Programa de Doutorado da Rede Centro-Oeste, Brasília, DF, Brazil. 11. S-Inova, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on salivary function impairments according to glycemic control status and subsequently compare the concentration of chromogranin A (CHGA) with its genetic profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients with controlled T2DM, 36 with poorly controlled T2DM, and 38 nondiabetic subjects underwent salivary flow rate measurements by means of unstimulated labial (ULS), unstimulated whole (UWS), and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) collections. CHGA concentrations were determined in saliva and plasma with ELISA, and two CHGA polymorphisms (T-415C and Glu264Asp) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: T2DM patients presented significantly lower ULS and UWS flow rates regardless of glycemic control status compared to controls (P = 0.002 and P = 0.027, respectively). The SWS flow rate in the poorly controlled T2DM was the lowest among the groups (P = 0.026). Significantly higher plasma and salivary CHGA levels were found in T2DM groups (P = 0.019 and P < 0.001, respectively). CHGA gene variants (T-415C and Glu264Asp) revealed significant differences between diabetics and control subjects when associated with lower salivary flow and higher salivary CHGA production (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: T2DM causes abnormalities in the function of salivary glands. However, poorly controlled T2DM has the most influence on SWS flow rates. Our findings indicate an association between plasma and salivary CHGA levels and T2DM patients. Furthermore, the results suggest that CGHA polymorphisms might be associated with salivary gland hypofunction and higher salivary CHGA production in T2DM patients. Nevertheless, further epidemiological studies are required to elucidate this clinical implication. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Salivary impairments and high levels of CHGA are associated with T2DM patients. In addition, CGHA polymorphisms might be associated with salivary gland hypofunction and higher salivary CHGA production in T2DM patients. This could be a significant insight to establish a role for salivary CHGA as a potential clinical biomarker to T2DM.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on salivary function impairments according to glycemic control status and subsequently compare the concentration of chromogranin A (CHGA) with its genetic profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients with controlled T2DM, 36 with poorly controlled T2DM, and 38 nondiabetic subjects underwent salivary flow rate measurements by means of unstimulated labial (ULS), unstimulated whole (UWS), and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) collections. CHGA concentrations were determined in saliva and plasma with ELISA, and two CHGA polymorphisms (T-415C and Glu264Asp) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: T2DM patients presented significantly lower ULS and UWS flow rates regardless of glycemic control status compared to controls (P = 0.002 and P = 0.027, respectively). The SWS flow rate in the poorly controlled T2DM was the lowest among the groups (P = 0.026). Significantly higher plasma and salivary CHGA levels were found in T2DM groups (P = 0.019 and P < 0.001, respectively). CHGA gene variants (T-415C and Glu264Asp) revealed significant differences between diabetics and control subjects when associated with lower salivary flow and higher salivary CHGA production (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: T2DM causes abnormalities in the function of salivary glands. However, poorly controlled T2DM has the most influence on SWS flow rates. Our findings indicate an association between plasma and salivary CHGA levels and T2DM patients. Furthermore, the results suggest that CGHA polymorphisms might be associated with salivary gland hypofunction and higher salivary CHGA production in T2DM patients. Nevertheless, further epidemiological studies are required to elucidate this clinical implication. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Salivary impairments and high levels of CHGA are associated with T2DM patients. In addition, CGHA polymorphisms might be associated with salivary gland hypofunction and higher salivary CHGA production in T2DM patients. This could be a significant insight to establish a role for salivary CHGA as a potential clinical biomarker to T2DM.
Entities:
Keywords:
Chromogranin A; Genetic; Polymorphism; Saliva; Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Fangwen Rao; Jennifer Wessel; Gen Wen; Lian Zhang; Brinda K Rana; Brian P Kennedy; Tiffany A Greenwood; Rany M Salem; Yuqing Chen; Srikrishna Khandrika; Bruce A Hamilton; Douglas W Smith; Niels-Henrik Holstein-Rathlou; Michael G Ziegler; Nicholas J Schork; Daniel T O'Connor Journal: Hypertension Date: 2007-03-12 Impact factor: 10.190
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