Elena Colicino1, Giulia Giuliano2, Melinda C Power3, Johanna Lepeule4, Elissa H Wilker5, Pantel Vokonas6, Kasey J M Brennan7, Serena Fossati8, Mirjam Hoxha9, Avron Spiro10, Marc G Weisskopf11, Joel Schwartz12, Andrea A Baccarelli13. 1. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: ecolicin@hsph.harvard.edu. 2. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: g.giuliano6@campus.unimib.it. 3. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: melinda.c.power@gmail.com. 4. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: jlepeule@hsph.harvard.edu. 5. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: ewilker@bidmc.harvard.edu. 6. VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: pantel.vokonas@va.gov. 7. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: kbrennan@hsph.harvard.edu. 8. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono, 7, 20122 Milano, Italy. Electronic address: sfossati@hsph.harvard.edu. 9. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono, 7, 20122 Milano, Italy; Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Foundation IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 33, 20122 Milano, Italy. Electronic address: mirjam.hoxha@unimi.it. 10. VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: aspiro3@bu.edu. 11. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: mweissko@hsph.harvard.edu. 12. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: joel@hsph.harvard.edu. 13. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: abaccare@hsph.harvard.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Air pollution exposure has been linked to impaired cognitive aging, but little is known about biomarkers modifying this association. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control gene expression and neuronal programming. miRNA levels vary due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes processing miRNAs from precursor molecules. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether SNPs in miRNA-processing genes are associated with cognition and modify the relationship between black carbon (BC), marker of traffic-related pollution, and cognitive functions. METHODS: 533 Normative Aging Study men (mean±SD 72±7years) were tested ≤4 times (mean=1.7 times) using seven cognitive tests between 1995 and 2007. We tested interactions of 16 miRNA-related SNPs with 1-year average BC from a validated land-use-regression model. We used covariate-adjusted logistic regression for low (≤25) Mini-Mental tate Examination (MMSE) and mixed-effect regression for a global cognitive score combining six other tests. RESULTS: Global cognition was negatively associated with the homozygous minor variant of rs595961 AGO1 (-0.42SD; 95%CI: (-0.71, -0.13)) relative to the major variant. BC-MMSE association was stronger in heterozygous carriers of rs11077 XPO5 (OR=1.99; 95%CI: (1.39, 2.85)) and minor variant carriers of GEMIN4 rs2740348 (OR=1.34; 95%CI: (1.05, 1.7)), compared to their major variant. The BC-global-cognition association was stronger in heterozygous carriers of GEMIN4 rs4968104 (-0.10SD; 95%CI: (-0.18, -0.02)), and GEMIN4 rs910924 (-0.09SD; 95%CI: (-0.17, -0.02)) relative to the major variant. Blood miRNA expression analyses showed associations only of XPO5 rs11077 with miR-9 and miR-96. CONCLUSIONS: Carriers of particular miRNA-processing SNPs had higher susceptibility to BC in BC-cognition associations, possibly due to influences on miRNA expression.
INTRODUCTION: Air pollution exposure has been linked to impaired cognitive aging, but little is known about biomarkers modifying this association. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control gene expression and neuronal programming. miRNA levels vary due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes processing miRNAs from precursor molecules. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether SNPs in miRNA-processing genes are associated with cognition and modify the relationship between black carbon (BC), marker of traffic-related pollution, and cognitive functions. METHODS: 533 Normative Aging Study men (mean±SD 72±7years) were tested ≤4 times (mean=1.7 times) using seven cognitive tests between 1995 and 2007. We tested interactions of 16 miRNA-related SNPs with 1-year average BC from a validated land-use-regression model. We used covariate-adjusted logistic regression for low (≤25) Mini-Mental tate Examination (MMSE) and mixed-effect regression for a global cognitive score combining six other tests. RESULTS: Global cognition was negatively associated with the homozygous minor variant of rs595961AGO1 (-0.42SD; 95%CI: (-0.71, -0.13)) relative to the major variant. BC-MMSE association was stronger in heterozygous carriers of rs11077XPO5 (OR=1.99; 95%CI: (1.39, 2.85)) and minor variant carriers of GEMIN4rs2740348 (OR=1.34; 95%CI: (1.05, 1.7)), compared to their major variant. The BC-global-cognition association was stronger in heterozygous carriers of GEMIN4rs4968104 (-0.10SD; 95%CI: (-0.18, -0.02)), and GEMIN4rs910924 (-0.09SD; 95%CI: (-0.17, -0.02)) relative to the major variant. Blood miRNA expression analyses showed associations only of XPO5rs11077 with miR-9 and miR-96. CONCLUSIONS: Carriers of particular miRNA-processing SNPs had higher susceptibility to BC in BC-cognition associations, possibly due to influences on miRNA expression.
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