Yasunao Ishiguro1, Naotaka Nitta2, Nobuyuki Taniguchi3, Kazuki Akai4, Noriya Takakayama3, Hideki Sasanuma5, Yukiyo Ogata6, Yoshikazu Yasuda5, Iwaki Akiyama4. 1. Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan. ynao-i@mub.biglobe.ne.jp. 2. Human Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. 3. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. 4. Medical Ultrasound Research Center, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan. 5. Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan. 6. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) is a modality for elasticity imaging of various organs using shear waves. In some situations, the heart is a candidate for elasticity evaluation with ARFI. Additionally, an ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) provides information on the blood flow conditions of the cardiac muscle. This study aimed to evaluate ARFI's effect on the heart concomitantly with UCA administration (i.e., perfluorobutane). METHODS: Ultrasound with ARFI was applied to the hearts of male Japanese white rabbits (n = 3) using a single-element focused transducer with or without UCA administration. They were exposed to ultrasound for 0.3 ms with a mechanical index (MI) of 1.8. UCA was administered in two ways: a single (bolus) injection or drip infusion. Electrocardiograms were recorded to identify arrhythmias during ultrasound exposure. RESULTS: Extrasystolic waves were observed following ultrasound exposure with drip infusion of UCA. Life-threatening arrhythmia was not observed. The frequency of the extra waves ranged from 4.2 to 59.6 %. With bolus infusion, extra waves were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Arrhythmogenicity was observed during ultrasound (MI 1.8) with ARFI and concomitant administration of UCA in rabbits. Although the bolus administration of UCA was similar to its clinical use, which may not cause extra cardiac excitation, cardiac ultrasound examinations with ARFI should be carefully performed, particularly with concomitant use of UCA.
PURPOSE: Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) is a modality for elasticity imaging of various organs using shear waves. In some situations, the heart is a candidate for elasticity evaluation with ARFI. Additionally, an ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) provides information on the blood flow conditions of the cardiac muscle. This study aimed to evaluate ARFI's effect on the heart concomitantly with UCA administration (i.e., perfluorobutane). METHODS: Ultrasound with ARFI was applied to the hearts of male Japanese white rabbits (n = 3) using a single-element focused transducer with or without UCA administration. They were exposed to ultrasound for 0.3 ms with a mechanical index (MI) of 1.8. UCA was administered in two ways: a single (bolus) injection or drip infusion. Electrocardiograms were recorded to identify arrhythmias during ultrasound exposure. RESULTS: Extrasystolic waves were observed following ultrasound exposure with drip infusion of UCA. Life-threatening arrhythmia was not observed. The frequency of the extra waves ranged from 4.2 to 59.6 %. With bolus infusion, extra waves were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Arrhythmogenicity was observed during ultrasound (MI 1.8) with ARFI and concomitant administration of UCA in rabbits. Although the bolus administration of UCA was similar to its clinical use, which may not cause extra cardiac excitation, cardiac ultrasound examinations with ARFI should be carefully performed, particularly with concomitant use of UCA.
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