Jasper S Dijkema1, Bart E van Ewijk, Berry Wilbrink, Tom F W Wolfs, Jan L L Kimpen, Cornelis K van der Ent. 1. From the *Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands; †Department of Pediatrics, Tergooi Hospital, Blaricum, The Netherlands; ‡National Institute of Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands; and §University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Respiratory viral infections are an important cause of morbidity in patients with chronic respiratory diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). We hypothesized that patients with CF are more susceptible to human rhinovirus (HRV) infections than healthy controls. METHODS: In a 6-month winter period, 20 young children with CF (0-7 years) and 18 age-matched healthy controls were sampled biweekly for HRV-polymerase chain reaction using nasopharyngeal swabs, irrespective of respiratory symptoms. Respiratory symptoms were scored twice a week. If any symptom was present, an additional sample was obtained. All HRV-positive samples were genotyped to distinguish HRV subtypes. RESULTS: We analyzed 645 samples, with comparable total numbers of samples in both groups. HRV was detected in 40.8% of all analyzed samples. Children with CF had significantly more HRV-positive samples compared with healthy controls, with a mean number (± standard deviation) of 8.1 ± 2.3 versus 5.7 ± 2.9 positive samples per individual (P < 0.01). Prolonged detection (>2 weeks) with the same HRV subtype occurred more frequently in the CF patients (P < 0.01). The genetic distribution and pattern of phylogenetic diversity of the different HRV subtypes were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first in vivo longitudinal study showing that HRV is detected more frequently and persists for longer periods in CF patients compared with healthy controls. This might indicate increased viral replication and/or decreased antiviral defense in patients with CF.
BACKGROUND:Respiratory viral infections are an important cause of morbidity in patients with chronic respiratory diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). We hypothesized that patients with CF are more susceptible to human rhinovirus (HRV) infections than healthy controls. METHODS: In a 6-month winter period, 20 young children with CF (0-7 years) and 18 age-matched healthy controls were sampled biweekly for HRV-polymerase chain reaction using nasopharyngeal swabs, irrespective of respiratory symptoms. Respiratory symptoms were scored twice a week. If any symptom was present, an additional sample was obtained. All HRV-positive samples were genotyped to distinguish HRV subtypes. RESULTS: We analyzed 645 samples, with comparable total numbers of samples in both groups. HRV was detected in 40.8% of all analyzed samples. Children with CF had significantly more HRV-positive samples compared with healthy controls, with a mean number (± standard deviation) of 8.1 ± 2.3 versus 5.7 ± 2.9 positive samples per individual (P < 0.01). Prolonged detection (>2 weeks) with the same HRV subtype occurred more frequently in the CF patients (P < 0.01). The genetic distribution and pattern of phylogenetic diversity of the different HRV subtypes were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first in vivo longitudinal study showing that HRV is detected more frequently and persists for longer periods in CF patients compared with healthy controls. This might indicate increased viral replication and/or decreased antiviral defense in patients with CF.
Authors: Constantina Boikos; Jesse Papenburg; Christine Martineau; Lawrence Joseph; David Scheifele; Mark Chilvers; Larry C Lands; Gaston De Serres; Caroline Quach Journal: Hum Vaccin Immunother Date: 2017-03-08 Impact factor: 3.452
Authors: Cibele M Gaido; Caitlyn Granland; Ingrid A Laing; Peter N Le Souëf; Wayne R Thomas; Andrew J Currie; Belinda J Hales Journal: Immun Inflamm Dis Date: 2017-11-10
Authors: Emma Svedin; Renata Utorova; Michael H Hühn; Pär G Larsson; Virginia M Stone; Manasa Garimella; Katharina Lind; Thomas Hägglöf; Terezia Pincikova; Olli H Laitinen; Gerald M McInerney; Bob Scholte; Lena Hjelte; Mikael C I Karlsson; Malin Flodström-Tullberg Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2017-12-05 Impact factor: 5.226