Basic biomechanics of dental implants in prosthetic dentistry.

A discussion of loads applied to implants must include the clinical consideration that not only rigid implant types are used, such as the Tübingen immediate implant and the TPS screw implant without shock absorber, but also systems with inherent resilience integrated in the implant design, such as the IMC and Flexiroot implants. The common goal of all of these implant systems is to achieve a stable anchorage of the implant body in the bone tissue, that is, contact osteogenesis or osteointegration. In the implant-to-bone interface region there is an implant mobility resulting from the elasticity of the bone. The question of whether additional implant-integrated elastic elements are necessary to simulate the periodontal attachment is controversial.