Intraventricular hemorrhage and brain injury in the premature infant. Diagnosis, prognosis, and prevention.

Diagnosis, prognosis, and prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage are reviewed. Diagnosis is accomplished best by real-time cranial ultrasonography. Prognosis depends primarily on the severity of any periventricular parenchymal injury that accompanies the intraventricular hemorrhage. Prevention of the hemorrhage is based on both prenatal and postnatal interventions. These can be formulated best when considered in the context of the pathogenesis, as outlined in the previous article.