Sympathetic renal denervation in hypertension with chronic kidney disease: a case report and review of literature.

Resistant hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure that is higher than 140 mmHg even though they consume three maximally tolerated anti-hypertensive medication class, including diuretics at an appropriate dose [1]. There are many complications of resistant hypertension such as left ventricular hypertrophy, increased incidence of retinal hemorrhage and kidney damages [2]. A novel catheter-based technique for renal denervation (RDN) as a new therapeutic avenue has great promise for the treatment of refractory hypertension. Despite the fast pace of development in RDN therapies, only initial and very limited clinical data are available. Here, we present the effects of RDN on perivascular nerves of the renal arteries in a 62-year-old male patient. And large gaps in knowledge concerning the long-term effects and consequences of RDN still exist, and solid, randomized data are warranted.