MicroRNA 181b promotes vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation through activation of PI3K and MAPK pathways.

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) hyperplasia is a common feature of pathologic cardiovascular event such as restenosis and atherosclerosis. The role and mechanisms of microRNAs (miRs) in VSMCs proliferation are poorly understood. Here, we report that miR-181b promotes VSMCs proliferation and migration. In an animal model, miR-181b was significantly increased in the rat carotid artery after balloon catheter injury. Delivery of miR-181b inhibitor to injured artery exhibited a marked inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia. Transfection of miR-181b with "mimics" to A10 cells accelerated cell proliferation, which was accompanied by an increase of cell migration. The induction of A10 cells proliferation by miR-181b appeared to be involved in activation of S and G2/M checkpoint, concomitant with decreases in cell-cycle inhibitors p21 and p27, and increases in cell-cycle activators CDK4 and cyclinD1. In contract, miR-181b inhibition attenuated A10 cells proliferation, inhibited cell migration and arrested cell cycle transition. Moreover, forced miR-181b expression elevated the phosphorylation levels of Akt and Erk1/2, whereas inhibition of miR-181b produced the opposite effects. Additionally, inhibition of PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways with specific inhibitors, but not inhibition of JNK pathway, significantly abolished the effects of miR-181b in promoting cell proliferation. These findings demonstrate that miR-181b enhances the proliferation and migration of VSMCs through activation of PI3K and MAPK pathways.