Exopolysaccharides produced by Oenococcus oeni: From genomic and phenotypic analysis to technological valorization.

Oenococcus oeni (O. oeni), which is the main species that drives malolactic fermentation (FML), an essential step for wine microbial stabilization and quality improvement, is known to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS). Depending on the strain, these EPS can be soluble, remain attached to the cell or both. In the present study, fourteen strains were examined for eps gene content and EPS production capacities. Cell-linked and soluble heteropolysaccharides made of glucose, galactose and rhamnose, soluble β-glucan, and soluble dextran or levan were found, depending on the strain. The protective potential of either cell-linked heteropolysaccharides or dextrans produced was then studied during freeze drying of the bacterial strains.