Liangle Yang1, Handong Yang2, Meian He1, An Pan3, Xiulou Li2, Xinwen Min2, Ce Zhang2, Chengwei Xu2,4, Xiaoyan Zhu1, Jing Yuan1, Sheng Wei3, Xiaoping Miao3, Frank B Hu5, Tangchun Wu1, Xiaomin Zhang1. 1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. 2. Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. 4. Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. 5. Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To analyze the independent and combined relations of sleep duration and midday napping with coronary heart diseases (CHD) incidence along with the underlying changes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among Chinese adults. METHODS: We included 19,370 individuals aged 62.8 years at baseline from September 2008 to June 2010, and they were followed until October 2013. Cox proportional hazards models and general linear models were used for multivariate longitudinal analyses. RESULTS: Compared with sleeping 7- < 8 h/night, the hazard ratio (HR) of CHD incidence was 1.33 (95% CI = 1.10 to 1.62) for sleeping ≥ 10 h/night. The association was particularly evident among individuals who were normal weight and without diabetes. Similarly, the HR of incident CHD was 1.25 (95% CI = 1.05 to 1.49) for midday napping > 90 min compared with 1-30 min. When sleep duration and midday napping were combined, individuals having sleep duration ≥ 10 h and midday napping > 90 min were at a greater risk of CHD than those with sleeping 7- < 8 h and napping 1-30 min: the HR was 1.67 (95% CI = 1.04 to 2.66; P for trend = 0.017). In addition, longer sleep duration ≥ 10 h was significantly associated with increases in triglycerides and waist circumference, and a reduction in HDL-cholesterol; while longer midday napping > 90 min was related to increased waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS: Both longer sleep duration and midday napping were independently and jointly associated with a higher risk of CHD incidence, and altered lipid profile and waist circumference may partially explain the relationships.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To analyze the independent and combined relations of sleep duration and midday napping with coronary heart diseases (CHD) incidence along with the underlying changes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among Chinese adults. METHODS: We included 19,370 individuals aged 62.8 years at baseline from September 2008 to June 2010, and they were followed until October 2013. Cox proportional hazards models and general linear models were used for multivariate longitudinal analyses. RESULTS: Compared with sleeping 7- < 8 h/night, the hazard ratio (HR) of CHD incidence was 1.33 (95% CI = 1.10 to 1.62) for sleeping ≥ 10 h/night. The association was particularly evident among individuals who were normal weight and without diabetes. Similarly, the HR of incident CHD was 1.25 (95% CI = 1.05 to 1.49) for midday napping > 90 min compared with 1-30 min. When sleep duration and midday napping were combined, individuals having sleep duration ≥ 10 h and midday napping > 90 min were at a greater risk of CHD than those with sleeping 7- < 8 h and napping 1-30 min: the HR was 1.67 (95% CI = 1.04 to 2.66; P for trend = 0.017). In addition, longer sleep duration ≥ 10 h was significantly associated with increases in triglycerides and waist circumference, and a reduction in HDL-cholesterol; while longer midday napping > 90 min was related to increased waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS: Both longer sleep duration and midday napping were independently and jointly associated with a higher risk of CHD incidence, and altered lipid profile and waist circumference may partially explain the relationships.
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