Nagesh Bhat1, Sandeep Jain2, Kailash Asawa3, Mridula Tak4, Kushal Shinde2, Anukriti Singh2, Neha Gandhi5, Vivek Vardhan Gupta2. 1. Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital , Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India . 2. Post Graduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital , Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India . 3. Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital , Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India . 4. Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital , Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India . 5. Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Pathology, Pacific Dental College and Hospital , Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India .
Abstract
BACKGROUND: As of late, natural contamination has stimulated as a reaction of mechanical and other human exercises. In India, with the expanding industrialization, numerous unsafe substances are utilized or are discharged amid generation as cleans, exhaust, vapours and gasses. These substances at last are blended in the earth and causes health hazards. OBJECTIVE: To determine concentration of fluoride in soils and vegetables grown in the vicinity of Zinc Smelter, Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of vegetables and soil were collected from areas situated at 0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 km distance from the zinc smelter, Debari. Three samples of vegetables (i.e. Cabbage, Onion and Tomato) and 3 samples of soil {one sample from the upper layer of soil (i.e. 0 to 20 cm) and one from the deep layer (i.e. 20 - 40 cm)} at each distance were collected. The soil and vegetable samples were sealed in clean polythene bags and transported to the laboratory for analysis. One sample each of water and fertilizer from each distance were also collected. RESULTS: The mean fluoride concentration in the vegetables grown varied between 0.36 ± 0.69 to 0.71 ± 0.90 ppm. The fluoride concentration in fertilizer and water sample from various distances was found to be in the range of 1.4 - 1.5 ppm and 1.8 - 1.9 ppm respectively. CONCLUSION: The fluoride content of soil and vegetables was found to be higher in places near to the zinc smelter.
BACKGROUND: As of late, natural contamination has stimulated as a reaction of mechanical and other human exercises. In India, with the expanding industrialization, numerous unsafe substances are utilized or are discharged amid generation as cleans, exhaust, vapours and gasses. These substances at last are blended in the earth and causes health hazards. OBJECTIVE: To determine concentration of fluoride in soils and vegetables grown in the vicinity of Zinc Smelter, Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of vegetables and soil were collected from areas situated at 0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 km distance from the zinc smelter, Debari. Three samples of vegetables (i.e. Cabbage, Onion and Tomato) and 3 samples of soil {one sample from the upper layer of soil (i.e. 0 to 20 cm) and one from the deep layer (i.e. 20 - 40 cm)} at each distance were collected. The soil and vegetable samples were sealed in clean polythene bags and transported to the laboratory for analysis. One sample each of water and fertilizer from each distance were also collected. RESULTS: The mean fluoride concentration in the vegetables grown varied between 0.36 ± 0.69 to 0.71 ± 0.90 ppm. The fluoride concentration in fertilizer and water sample from various distances was found to be in the range of 1.4 - 1.5 ppm and 1.8 - 1.9 ppm respectively. CONCLUSION: The fluoride content of soil and vegetables was found to be higher in places near to the zinc smelter.
Entities:
Keywords:
Fluoride pollution; Fluorosis; Industrial area