Riikka S K Takala1, Jussi P Posti2, Hilkka Runtti3, Virginia F Newcombe4, Joanne Outtrim4, Ari J Katila5, Janek Frantzén6, Henna Ala-Seppälä7, Anna Kyllönen7, Henna-Riikka Maanpää7, Jussi Tallus7, Md Iftakher Hossain7, Jonathan P Coles4, Peter Hutchinson8, Mark van Gils3, David K Menon4, Olli Tenovuo9. 1. Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. Electronic address: riikka.takala@gmail.com. 2. Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Brain Trauma, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Neurology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 3. Systems Medicine, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere, Finland. 4. Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom. 5. Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 6. Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Brain Trauma, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 7. Department of Neurology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 8. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurosurgery Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom. 9. Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Brain Trauma, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Neurology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Biomarkers ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) may help detect brain injury, assess its severity, and improve outcome prediction. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of these biomarkers during the first days after brain injury. METHODS: Serum UCH-L1 and GFAP were measured in 324 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) enrolled in a prospective study. The outcome was assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) or the extended version, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE). RESULTS: Patients with full recovery had lower UCH-L1 concentrations on the second day and patients with favorable outcome had lower UCH-L1 concentrations during the first 2 days compared with patients with incomplete recovery and unfavorable outcome. Patients with full recovery and favorable outcome had significantly lower GFAP concentrations in the first 2 days than patients with incomplete recovery or unfavorable outcome. There was a strong negative correlation between outcome and UCH-L1 in the first 3 days and GFAP levels in the first 2 days. On arrival, both UCH-L1 and GFAP distinguished patients with GOS score 1-3 from patients with GOS score 4-5, but not patients with GOSE score 8 from patients with GOSE score 1-7. For UCH-L1 and GFAP to predict unfavorable outcome (GOS score ≤ 3), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.727, and 0.723, respectively. Neither UCHL-1 nor GFAP was independently able to predict the outcome when age, worst Glasgow Coma Scale score, pupil reactivity, Injury Severity Score, and Marshall score were added into the multivariate logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS: GFAP and UCH-L1 are significantly associated with outcome, but they do not add predictive power to commonly used prognostic variables in a population of patients with TBI of varying severities.
OBJECTIVE: Biomarkers ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) may help detect brain injury, assess its severity, and improve outcome prediction. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of these biomarkers during the first days after brain injury. METHODS: Serum UCH-L1 and GFAP were measured in 324 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) enrolled in a prospective study. The outcome was assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) or the extended version, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE). RESULTS: Patients with full recovery had lower UCH-L1 concentrations on the second day and patients with favorable outcome had lower UCH-L1 concentrations during the first 2 days compared with patients with incomplete recovery and unfavorable outcome. Patients with full recovery and favorable outcome had significantly lower GFAP concentrations in the first 2 days than patients with incomplete recovery or unfavorable outcome. There was a strong negative correlation between outcome and UCH-L1 in the first 3 days and GFAP levels in the first 2 days. On arrival, both UCH-L1 and GFAP distinguished patients with GOS score 1-3 from patients with GOS score 4-5, but not patients with GOSE score 8 from patients with GOSE score 1-7. For UCH-L1 and GFAP to predict unfavorable outcome (GOS score ≤ 3), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.727, and 0.723, respectively. Neither UCHL-1 nor GFAP was independently able to predict the outcome when age, worst Glasgow Coma Scale score, pupil reactivity, Injury Severity Score, and Marshall score were added into the multivariate logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS: GFAP and UCH-L1 are significantly associated with outcome, but they do not add predictive power to commonly used prognostic variables in a population of patients with TBI of varying severities.
Authors: Jussi P Posti; Riikka S K Takala; Linnéa Lagerstedt; Alex M Dickens; Iftakher Hossain; Mehrbod Mohammadian; Henna Ala-Seppälä; Janek Frantzén; Mark van Gils; Peter J Hutchinson; Ari J Katila; Henna-Riikka Maanpää; David K Menon; Virginia F Newcombe; Jussi Tallus; Kevin Hrusovsky; David H Wilson; Jessica Gill; Jean-Charles Sanchez; Olli Tenovuo; Henrik Zetterberg; Kaj Blennow Journal: J Neurotrauma Date: 2019-04-05 Impact factor: 5.269
Authors: Timothy B Meier; Lindsay D Nelson; Daniel L Huber; Jeffrey J Bazarian; Ronald L Hayes; Michael A McCrea Journal: J Neurotrauma Date: 2017-08-04 Impact factor: 5.269
Authors: Svetlana A Dambinova; Joseph C Maroon; Alicia M Sufrinko; John David Mullins; Eugenia V Alexandrova; Alexander A Potapov Journal: Front Neurol Date: 2016-10-05 Impact factor: 4.003
Authors: Matej Orešič; Jussi P Posti; Maja H Kamstrup-Nielsen; Riikka S K Takala; Hester F Lingsma; Ismo Mattila; Sirkku Jäntti; Ari J Katila; Keri L H Carpenter; Henna Ala-Seppälä; Anna Kyllönen; Henna-Riikka Maanpää; Jussi Tallus; Jonathan P Coles; Iiro Heino; Janek Frantzén; Peter J Hutchinson; David K Menon; Olli Tenovuo; Tuulia Hyötyläinen Journal: EBioMedicine Date: 2016-07-15 Impact factor: 8.143