Reversal effects of Raloxifene on paclitaxel resistance in 2 MDR breast cancer cells.

Raloxifene hydrochloride (RAL), one of second generation of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), is usually used in preventing osteoporosis and breast cancer. The present study evaluated whether Raloxifene might sensitize multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancers to chemotherapies, especially in estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer. The results showed that RAL could significantly sensitize ER- MDR breast tumors to paclitaxel both in vitro and in vivo. Combination of Raloxifene could significantly enhance paclitaxel-induced cell apoptosis, G2-M arrest as well as inhibition of cell proliferation in MDR tumors. Further studies showed that the combined treatment did not alter P-glycoprotein expression but increased P-gp ATPase activity. These results suggested that raloxifene might be a valuable chemosensitizer agent for breast cancer therapy.