Ghazaleh Valipour1,2, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh3,4,5, Leila Azadbakht1,2,6, Hamid Afshar7, Ammar Hassanzadeh8, Peyman Adibi9,10. 1. Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, PO Box 81745-151, Iran. 3. Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Esmaillzadeh@hlth.mui.ac.ir. 4. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, PO Box 81745-151, Iran. Esmaillzadeh@hlth.mui.ac.ir. 5. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Esmaillzadeh@hlth.mui.ac.ir. 6. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 7. Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 8. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. 9. Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 10. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Although empirically derived dietary patterns have been examined in relation to depression, limited data are available linking theory-based dietary patterns and psychological health. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to DASH-style diet and psychological health among Iranian adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was done among 3846 general public adults in Isfahan, Iran. Dietary assessment was conducted using a validated 106-item dish-based semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. To investigate participants' adherence to DASH-style diet, we created DASH score based on earlier publications focusing on eight components (fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes, dairy products, grains, sweetened beverages and sweets, sodium, and red and processed meats). Participants were classified into three categories based on their DASH score [low (≤40), moderate (41-50), and high adherence (≥51)]. This categorization, instead of distribution-based classification, was used due to low adherence to the DASH dietary pattern in the study population. Psychological health was examined by means of validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and General Health Questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, and psychological distress were defined based on standard criteria. RESULTS: We found that moderate adherence to DASH-style diet was associated with lower odds of depression (OR 0.73; 95 % CI 0.59-0.90, P trend = 0.63) compared with those with the lowest adherence. In our stratified analyses, these associations remained significant for women (0.70; 0.54-0.91) and for normal-weight participants (0.70; 0.52-0.92). Moreover, after controlling for potential confounders, an inverse association was observed between high adherence to DASH-style diet and anxiety in normal-weight participants (0.61; 0.37-0.98). Such associations were also seen between moderate adherence to DASH-eating style and anxiety in overweight or obese individuals (0.63; 0.42-0.95). We failed to find any significant association between consumption of DASH-style diet and psychological distress. CONCLUSION: We found an inverse association between moderate adherence to DASH dietary pattern and depression. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
INTRODUCTION: Although empirically derived dietary patterns have been examined in relation to depression, limited data are available linking theory-based dietary patterns and psychological health. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to DASH-style diet and psychological health among Iranian adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was done among 3846 general public adults in Isfahan, Iran. Dietary assessment was conducted using a validated 106-item dish-based semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. To investigate participants' adherence to DASH-style diet, we created DASH score based on earlier publications focusing on eight components (fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes, dairy products, grains, sweetened beverages and sweets, sodium, and red and processed meats). Participants were classified into three categories based on their DASH score [low (≤40), moderate (41-50), and high adherence (≥51)]. This categorization, instead of distribution-based classification, was used due to low adherence to the DASH dietary pattern in the study population. Psychological health was examined by means of validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and General Health Questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, and psychological distress were defined based on standard criteria. RESULTS: We found that moderate adherence to DASH-style diet was associated with lower odds of depression (OR 0.73; 95 % CI 0.59-0.90, P trend = 0.63) compared with those with the lowest adherence. In our stratified analyses, these associations remained significant for women (0.70; 0.54-0.91) and for normal-weight participants (0.70; 0.52-0.92). Moreover, after controlling for potential confounders, an inverse association was observed between high adherence to DASH-style diet and anxiety in normal-weight participants (0.61; 0.37-0.98). Such associations were also seen between moderate adherence to DASH-eating style and anxiety in overweight or obese individuals (0.63; 0.42-0.95). We failed to find any significant association between consumption of DASH-style diet and psychological distress. CONCLUSION: We found an inverse association between moderate adherence to DASH dietary pattern and depression. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
Entities:
Keywords:
Anxiety; Depression; Diet; Healthy eating; Mood; Psychological health
Authors: Michael Maes; Piotr Galecki; Yong Seun Chang; Michael Berk Journal: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry Date: 2010-05-12 Impact factor: 5.067
Authors: Lyn M Steffen; Candyce H Kroenke; Xinhua Yu; Mark A Pereira; Martha L Slattery; Linda Van Horn; Myron D Gross; David R Jacobs Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2005-12 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Simin Liu; JoAnn E Manson; Julie E Buring; Meir J Stampfer; Walter C Willett; Paul M Ridker Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2002-03 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Ahmad Esmaillzadeh; Masoud Kimiagar; Yadollah Mehrabi; Leila Azadbakht; Frank B Hu; Walter C Willett Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2006-12 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Pim Cuijpers; Nicole Vogelzangs; Jos Twisk; Annet Kleiboer; Juan Li; Brenda W Penninx Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2014-04 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: W C Willett; L Sampson; M J Stampfer; B Rosner; C Bain; J Witschi; C H Hennekens; F E Speizer Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 1985-07 Impact factor: 4.897