Ludmila N Bakhireva1, Shikhar Shrestha2, Hilda L Gutierrez2, Mike Berry3, Cheryl Schmitt2, Dusadee Sarangarm3. 1. Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, UNM, Albuquerque, NM, USA Department of Family and Community Medicine, UNM, Albuquerque, NM, USA lbakhireva@salud.unm.edu. 2. Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, UNM, Albuquerque, NM, USA. 3. Department of Emergency Medicine, UNM, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The analysis of phosphatidylethanol, a promising direct ethanol metabolite, in dry blood spots (PEth-DBS) is advantageous due to ease of storage, transportation and minimal invasiveness of capillary blood collection. One potential application of PEth-DBS is to confirm prenatal alcohol exposure in newborns suspected of FASD; however, stability of PEth-DBS is largely unknown. METHODS: Phlebotomized samples from 31 adults with a history of alcoholism, admitted to the University of New Mexico Emergency Department, were analyzed for blood alcohol content and pipetted onto DBS cards (13 spots per patient). The first spot was analyzed within 2 weeks of collection for a baseline PEth; the remaining 12 spots were allocated into three temperature conditions (room temperature, 4°C, -80°C) for the repeated measures analysis. In addition, 5 newborn DBS samples with a baseline PEth>LOD were obtained from a prospective cohort at UNM and re-analyzed at 4 months after storage at -80°C. A mixed linear model was fitted to examine the effects of temperature, time and temperature-time interaction on PEth degradation over the first 9 months. RESULTS: The baseline PEth levels were 592.8 ± 86.7 ng/ml and 18.3 ± 4.8 ng/ml in adult and newborn samples, respectively. All DBS samples remained positive in successive samples in all temperature conditions. Results of mixed linear model demonstrated a significant effect of temperature (P < 0.001) on PEth degradation over 9 months. CONCLUSIONS: PEth-DBS appears to be relatively stable, especially when stored at lower temperatures. These initial results are encouraging and highlight the PEth-DBS potential in retrospective assessment of alcohol exposure.
BACKGROUND: The analysis of phosphatidylethanol, a promising direct ethanol metabolite, in dry blood spots (PEth-DBS) is advantageous due to ease of storage, transportation and minimal invasiveness of capillary blood collection. One potential application of PEth-DBS is to confirm prenatal alcohol exposure in newborns suspected of FASD; however, stability of PEth-DBS is largely unknown. METHODS: Phlebotomized samples from 31 adults with a history of alcoholism, admitted to the University of New Mexico Emergency Department, were analyzed for blood alcohol content and pipetted onto DBS cards (13 spots per patient). The first spot was analyzed within 2 weeks of collection for a baseline PEth; the remaining 12 spots were allocated into three temperature conditions (room temperature, 4°C, -80°C) for the repeated measures analysis. In addition, 5 newborn DBS samples with a baseline PEth>LOD were obtained from a prospective cohort at UNM and re-analyzed at 4 months after storage at -80°C. A mixed linear model was fitted to examine the effects of temperature, time and temperature-time interaction on PEth degradation over the first 9 months. RESULTS: The baseline PEth levels were 592.8 ± 86.7 ng/ml and 18.3 ± 4.8 ng/ml in adult and newborn samples, respectively. All DBS samples remained positive in successive samples in all temperature conditions. Results of mixed linear model demonstrated a significant effect of temperature (P < 0.001) on PEth degradation over 9 months. CONCLUSIONS:PEth-DBS appears to be relatively stable, especially when stored at lower temperatures. These initial results are encouraging and highlight the PEth-DBS potential in retrospective assessment of alcohol exposure.
Authors: Philip A May; Amy Baete; Jaymi Russo; Amy J Elliott; Jason Blankenship; Wendy O Kalberg; David Buckley; Marita Brooks; Julie Hasken; Omar Abdul-Rahman; Margaret P Adam; Luther K Robinson; Melanie Manning; H Eugene Hoyme Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2014-11 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Susanne Hartmann; Steina Aradottir; Marc Graf; Gerhard Wiesbeck; Otto Lesch; Katrin Ramskogler; Manfred Wolfersdorf; Christer Alling; Friedrich Martin Wurst Journal: Addict Biol Date: 2007-03 Impact factor: 4.280
Authors: Ludmila N Bakhireva; Renate D Savich; Dennis W Raisch; Sandra Cano; Robert D Annett; Lawrence Leeman; Mahek Garg; Chelsea Goff; Daniel D Savage Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2013-02-19 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Michael G McDonell; Jordan Skalisky; Emily Leickly; Michael F Orr; Sterling McPherson; John Roll; Nathalie Hill-Kapturczak; Martin Javors Journal: Psychol Addict Behav Date: 2017-07-17
Authors: Yan Wang; Xinguang Chen; Judith A Hahn; Babette Brumback; Zhi Zhou; Maria J Miguez; Robert L Cook Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2017-12-05 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Michael Francis Fleming; Matthew J Smith; Erika Oslakovic; Michael R Lucey; Jenny X Vue; Patrice Al-Saden; Josh Levitsky Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2017-03-20 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Hilke Andresen-Streichert; Alexander Müller; Alexander Glahn; Gisela Skopp; Martina Sterneck Journal: Dtsch Arztebl Int Date: 2018-05-04 Impact factor: 5.594
Authors: Elizabeth R Fraser; Nathalie Hill-Kapturczak; Julianne Jett; Rachael Beck; Oladunni Oluwoye; Liat S Kriegel; Karl C Alcover; Sterling McPherson; Leopoldo J Cabassa; Martin Javors; Michael G McDonell Journal: Contemp Clin Trials Commun Date: 2021-03-08