Jalal Poorolajal1, Tahereh Haghtalab2, Mehran Farhadi3, Nahid Darvishi2. 1. Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 2. Department of Clinical Psychology, Hamadan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran. 3. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This meta-analysis addressed the association between substance use disorder (SUD) and suicide outcomes based on current evidence. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus until May 2015. We also searched the reference lists of included studies and Psycinfo website. We included observational (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) studies addressing the association between SUD and suicide. Our outcomes of interest were suicide ideation, suicide attempt and suicide death. For each outcome, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on the random-effects model. RESULTS: We identified a total of 12 413 references and included 43 studies with 870 967 participants. There was a significant association between SUD and suicidal ideation: OR 2.04 (95% CI: 1.59, 2.50; I2 = 88.8%, 16 studies); suicide attempt OR 2.49 (95% CI: 2.00, 2.98; I2 = 94.3%, 24 studies) and suicide death OR 1.49 (95% CI: 0.97, 2.00; I2 = 82.7%, 7 studies). CONCLUSIONS: Based on current evidence, there is a strong association between SUD and suicide outcomes. However, evidence based on long-term prospective cohort studies is limited and needs further investigation. Moreover, further evidence is required to assess and compare the association between suicide outcomes and different types of illicit drugs, dose-response relationship and the way they are used.
BACKGROUND: This meta-analysis addressed the association between substance use disorder (SUD) and suicide outcomes based on current evidence. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus until May 2015. We also searched the reference lists of included studies and Psycinfo website. We included observational (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) studies addressing the association between SUD and suicide. Our outcomes of interest were suicide ideation, suicide attempt and suicide death. For each outcome, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on the random-effects model. RESULTS: We identified a total of 12 413 references and included 43 studies with 870 967 participants. There was a significant association between SUD and suicidal ideation: OR 2.04 (95% CI: 1.59, 2.50; I2 = 88.8%, 16 studies); suicide attempt OR 2.49 (95% CI: 2.00, 2.98; I2 = 94.3%, 24 studies) and suicide death OR 1.49 (95% CI: 0.97, 2.00; I2 = 82.7%, 7 studies). CONCLUSIONS: Based on current evidence, there is a strong association between SUD and suicide outcomes. However, evidence based on long-term prospective cohort studies is limited and needs further investigation. Moreover, further evidence is required to assess and compare the association between suicide outcomes and different types of illicit drugs, dose-response relationship and the way they are used.
Authors: Waliuddin Suhaib Khader; Andrew S Tubbs; Ariana Haghighi; Amy B Athey; William D S Killgore; Lauren Hale; Michael L Perlis; Jo-Ann Gehrels; Pamela Alfonso-Miller; Fabian-Xosé Fernandez; Michael A Grandner Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2020-05-24 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Jeffrey S Simons; Raluca M Simons; Kyle J Walters; Jessica A Keith; Carol O'Brien; Kate Andal; Scott F Stoltenberg Journal: Arch Suicide Res Date: 2019-03-24
Authors: Sean M Mitchell; Sarah L Brown; Faith Scanlon; Marc T Swogger; Darci Delgado; Maria I Ventura; Angelea D Bolaños; Robert D Morgan Journal: Int J Forensic Ment Health Date: 2020-06-05
Authors: He Benny Chang; Sara Munroe; Katarina Gray; Giovanna Porta; Antoine Douaihy; Anna Marsland; David Brent; Nadine M Melhem Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2018-09-07 Impact factor: 4.839