David L DeMill1, Munira Hussain1, Rodica Pop-Busui2, Roni M Shtein1. 1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To analyse clinical signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), based on severity of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). METHODS: This cross-sectional study included participants who were carefully phenotyped by a multidisciplinary team and categorised into groups based on severity of DPN. All study participants underwent ophthalmic evaluation and completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25). RESULTS: The 34 study participants were healthy controls (n=9), patients with DM and mild or no DPN (n=16) and patients with DM and severe DPN (n=9). Tear osmolarity was increased, and corneal nerve fibre length was decreased, with increasing severity of DPN. In addition, patients with DM were found to have decreased Schirmer's test values when compared with healthy controls. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in OSDI, tear breakup time or corneal sensitivity. No statistically significant correlations were noted between the OSDI or VFQ-25 scores and clinical signs of dry eyes. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates some increased clinical signs of ocular surface disease but not an increase in subjective symptoms of dry eyes, with increasing severity of DPN. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between OSDI scores and clinical signs of dry eye. A periodic evaluation of the ocular surface is important for patients with DM, in addition to retinopathy screening, as they may be asymptomatic but have severe dry eye disease, which can lead to further ocular surface complications such as corneal ulceration. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01695629. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
PURPOSE: To analyse clinical signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), based on severity of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). METHODS: This cross-sectional study included participants who were carefully phenotyped by a multidisciplinary team and categorised into groups based on severity of DPN. All study participants underwent ophthalmic evaluation and completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25). RESULTS: The 34 study participants were healthy controls (n=9), patients with DM and mild or no DPN (n=16) and patients with DM and severe DPN (n=9). Tear osmolarity was increased, and corneal nerve fibre length was decreased, with increasing severity of DPN. In addition, patients with DM were found to have decreased Schirmer's test values when compared with healthy controls. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in OSDI, tear breakup time or corneal sensitivity. No statistically significant correlations were noted between the OSDI or VFQ-25 scores and clinical signs of dry eyes. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates some increased clinical signs of ocular surface disease but not an increase in subjective symptoms of dry eyes, with increasing severity of DPN. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between OSDI scores and clinical signs of dry eye. A periodic evaluation of the ocular surface is important for patients with DM, in addition to retinopathy screening, as they may be asymptomatic but have severe dry eye disease, which can lead to further ocular surface complications such as corneal ulceration. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01695629. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
Authors: Ioannis N Petropoulos; Uazman Alam; Hassan Fadavi; Omar Asghar; Patrick Green; Georgios Ponirakis; Andrew Marshall; Andrew J M Boulton; Mitra Tavakoli; Rayaz A Malik Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2013-07-22 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Navasuja Kumar; Rodica Pop-Busui; David C Musch; David M Reed; Anna C Momont; Munira Hussain; Nilesh Raval; Sayoko E Moroi; Roni Shtein Journal: Cornea Date: 2018-09 Impact factor: 2.651
Authors: Ruchi Shah; Cynthia Amador; Kati Tormanen; Sean Ghiam; Mehrnoosh Saghizadeh; Vaithi Arumugaswami; Ashok Kumar; Andrei A Kramerov; Alexander V Ljubimov Journal: Exp Eye Res Date: 2021-01-21 Impact factor: 3.467