BACKGROUND: Obesity in children and adolescents is characterized by chronic sympathetic overdrive and reduced epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis. This resistance to catecholamines occurs during the dynamic phase of fat accumulation. This review will focus on the relationship between sympathetic-adrenal activity and lipid metabolism, thereby highlighting the role of catecholamine resistance in the development of childhood obesity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Catecholamine resistance causes lipid accumulation in adipose tissue by reducing lipolysis, increasing lipogenesis and impeding free fatty acid (FFA) transportation. Exercise improves catecholamine resistance, as evidenced by attenuated systemic sympathetic activity, reduced circulating catecholamine levels and enhanced β-adrenergic receptor signaling. Insulin resistance is mostly a casual result rather than a cause of childhood obesity. Therefore, catecholamine resistance in childhood obesity may promote insulin signaling in adipose tissue, thereby increasing lipogenesis. This review outlines a series of evidence for the role of catecholamine resistance as an upstream mechanism leading to childhood obesity.
BACKGROUND:Obesity in children and adolescents is characterized by chronic sympathetic overdrive and reduced epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis. This resistance to catecholamines occurs during the dynamic phase of fat accumulation. This review will focus on the relationship between sympathetic-adrenal activity and lipid metabolism, thereby highlighting the role of catecholamine resistance in the development of childhood obesity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:Catecholamine resistance causes lipid accumulation in adipose tissue by reducing lipolysis, increasing lipogenesis and impeding free fatty acid (FFA) transportation. Exercise improves catecholamine resistance, as evidenced by attenuated systemic sympathetic activity, reduced circulating catecholamine levels and enhanced β-adrenergic receptor signaling. Insulin resistance is mostly a casual result rather than a cause of childhood obesity. Therefore, catecholamine resistance in childhood obesity may promote insulin signaling in adipose tissue, thereby increasing lipogenesis. This review outlines a series of evidence for the role of catecholamine resistance as an upstream mechanism leading to childhood obesity.
Authors: Bruna Cruz Magalhães; Nivaldo de Jesus Silva Soares Júnior; Carlos Alberto Alves Dias Filho; Rafael Martins Andrade; Carlos José Moraes Dias; Silvana de Figueredo Alencar de Oliveira; Luanda Sinthia Oliveira Silva Santana; Carlan da Silva Sena; Janaína de Oliveira Monzani-Brito; Andressa Coelho Ferreira; Cristiano Teixeira Mostarda Journal: Sleep Sci Date: 2020 Oct-Dec
Authors: Brad Shuck; Joy L Hart; Kandi L Walker; Jayesh Rai; Shweta Srivastava; Sanjay Srivastava; Shesh Rai; Aruni Bhatnagar; Rachel J Keith Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-09-21 Impact factor: 4.614