Liane Correia-Costa1,2,3, Manuela Morato4,5,6, Teresa Sousa4,5, Dina Cosme7,4, João Tiago Guimarães7,8,9, António Guerra10,11, Franz Schaefer12, Alberto Caldas Afonso7,13,10, Ana Azevedo7,14, António Albino-Teixeira4,5. 1. Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIUnit), Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal. liane@med.up.pt. 2. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Integrated Pediatric Hospital, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal. liane@med.up.pt. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. liane@med.up.pt. 4. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 5. Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 6. Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 7. Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIUnit), Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal. 8. Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal. 9. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 10. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 11. Division of Pediatric Nutrition, Integrated Pediatric Hospital, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal. 12. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. 13. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Integrated Pediatric Hospital, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal. 14. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fibrogenic cytokines are recognized as putative drivers of disease activity and histopathological deterioration in various kidney diseases. We compared urinary transforming growth factor β1 (U-TGF-β1) and endothelin 1 (U-ET-1) levels across body mass index classes and assessed their association with the level of urinary angiotensinogen (U-AGT), a biomarker of intrarenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). METHODS: The was a cross-sectional evaluation of 302 children aged 8-9 years. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), aldosterone level and renal function were evaluated. U-ET-1, U-TGF-β1 and U-AGT levels were determined by immunoenzymatic methods. RESULTS: Obese children presented with the lowest levels of U-ET-1 and U-TGF-β1, but the difference was only significant for U-ET-1. In obese children, the median levels of both U-ET-1 and U-TGF-β1 tended to increase across tertiles (T1-T3) of U-AGT (U-ET-1: T1, 19.9 (14.2-26.3); T2, 32.5 (23.3-141.6); T3, 24.8 (18.7-51.5) ng/g creatinine, p = 0.007; U-TGF-β1: T1, 2.2 (1.8-4.0); T2, 4.3 (2.7-11.7); T3, 4.9 (3.8-10.1) ng/g creatinine, p = 0.004]. In multivariate models, in the obese group, U-ET-1 was associated with HOMA-IR and aldosterone and U-AGT levels, and U-TGF-β1 was associated with U-AGT levels and 24 h-systolic BP. CONCLUSIONS: Whereas the initial hypothesis of higher levels of urinary fibrogenic cytokines in obese children was not confirmed in our study, both TGF-β1 and U-ET-1 levels were associated with U-AGT level, which likely reflects an early interplay between tissue remodeling and RAAS in obesity-related kidney injury.
BACKGROUND: Fibrogenic cytokines are recognized as putative drivers of disease activity and histopathological deterioration in various kidney diseases. We compared urinary transforming growth factor β1 (U-TGF-β1) and endothelin 1 (U-ET-1) levels across body mass index classes and assessed their association with the level of urinary angiotensinogen (U-AGT), a biomarker of intrarenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). METHODS: The was a cross-sectional evaluation of 302 children aged 8-9 years. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), aldosterone level and renal function were evaluated. U-ET-1, U-TGF-β1 and U-AGT levels were determined by immunoenzymatic methods. RESULTS:Obesechildren presented with the lowest levels of U-ET-1 and U-TGF-β1, but the difference was only significant for U-ET-1. In obesechildren, the median levels of both U-ET-1 and U-TGF-β1 tended to increase across tertiles (T1-T3) of U-AGT (U-ET-1: T1, 19.9 (14.2-26.3); T2, 32.5 (23.3-141.6); T3, 24.8 (18.7-51.5) ng/g creatinine, p = 0.007; U-TGF-β1: T1, 2.2 (1.8-4.0); T2, 4.3 (2.7-11.7); T3, 4.9 (3.8-10.1) ng/g creatinine, p = 0.004]. In multivariate models, in the obese group, U-ET-1 was associated with HOMA-IR and aldosterone and U-AGT levels, and U-TGF-β1 was associated with U-AGT levels and 24 h-systolic BP. CONCLUSIONS: Whereas the initial hypothesis of higher levels of urinary fibrogenic cytokines in obesechildren was not confirmed in our study, both TGF-β1 and U-ET-1 levels were associated with U-AGT level, which likely reflects an early interplay between tissue remodeling and RAAS in obesity-related kidney injury.
Authors: M Barton; R Carmona; H Morawietz; L V d'Uscio; W Goettsch; H Hillen; C C Haudenschild; J E Krieger; K Münter; T Lattmann; T F Lüscher; S Shaw Journal: Hypertension Date: 2000-01 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: B Hocher; C Thöne-Reineke; P Rohmeiss; F Schmager; T Slowinski; V Burst; F Siegmund; T Quertermous; C Bauer; H H Neumayer; W D Schleuning; F Theuring Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 1997-03-15 Impact factor: 14.808