Hans-Christoph Diener1, J Donald Easton2, Christopher B Granger3, Lisa Cronin4, Christine Duffy5, Daniel Cotton5, Martina Brueckmann6,7, Ralph L Sacco8. 1. Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. 2. Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. 3. Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. 4. Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd, Burlington, ON, Canada. 5. Clinical Operations/Biometics and Data Management Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA. 6. Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany. 7. Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. 8. Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Abstract
RATIONALE: Cryptogenic ischemic strokes constitute 20-30% of ischemic strokes, the majority of which are embolic strokes of undetermined source. The standard preventive treatment in these patients is usually acetylsalicylic acid. AIM: The Randomized, double-blind, Evaluation in secondary Stroke Prevention comparing the EfficaCy and safety of the oral Thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate vs. acetylsalicylic acid in patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (RE-SPECT ESUS) is designed to determine whether the oral thrombin inhibitor dabigatran, taken within three-months after embolic stroke of undetermined source, is superior to acetylsalicylic acid for prevention of recurrent stroke and to characterize the safety of dabigatran in this setting. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial in approximately 6000 patients and 550 centers with embolic stroke of undetermined source. Subjects are randomized to dabigatran or acetylsalicylic acid and treated for an expected minimum of six-months and up to approximately three-years. It is an event-driven trial aiming for 353 adjudicated primary outcome events. STUDY OUTCOMES: The primary efficacy outcome is time to first recurrent stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic, or unspecified). Key secondary outcomes are time to first ischemic stroke and time to first occurrence in the composite outcome of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death. The primary safety outcome is major hemorrhage, including symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. DISCUSSION: Acetylsalicylic acid is the most common antithrombotic given to patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source to reduce recurrence risk. This trial will determine whether anticoagulation with dabigatran is more effective than acetylsalicylic acid, and acceptably safe.
RCT Entities:
RATIONALE: Cryptogenic ischemic strokes constitute 20-30% of ischemic strokes, the majority of which are embolic strokes of undetermined source. The standard preventive treatment in these patients is usually acetylsalicylic acid. AIM: The Randomized, double-blind, Evaluation in secondary Stroke Prevention comparing the EfficaCy and safety of the oral Thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate vs. acetylsalicylic acid in patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (RE-SPECT ESUS) is designed to determine whether the oral thrombin inhibitor dabigatran, taken within three-months after embolic stroke of undetermined source, is superior to acetylsalicylic acid for prevention of recurrent stroke and to characterize the safety of dabigatran in this setting. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial in approximately 6000 patients and 550 centers with embolic stroke of undetermined source. Subjects are randomized to dabigatran or acetylsalicylic acid and treated for an expected minimum of six-months and up to approximately three-years. It is an event-driven trial aiming for 353 adjudicated primary outcome events. STUDY OUTCOMES: The primary efficacy outcome is time to first recurrent stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic, or unspecified). Key secondary outcomes are time to first ischemic stroke and time to first occurrence in the composite outcome of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death. The primary safety outcome is major hemorrhage, including symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. DISCUSSION: Acetylsalicylic acid is the most common antithrombotic given to patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source to reduce recurrence risk. This trial will determine whether anticoagulation with dabigatran is more effective than acetylsalicylic acid, and acceptably safe.
Authors: Florian Schöberl; Peter Arthur Ringleb; Reza Wakili; Sven Poli; Frank Arne Wollenweber; Lars Kellert Journal: Dtsch Arztebl Int Date: 2017-08-07 Impact factor: 5.594
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Authors: George Ntaios; Gregory Y H Lip; Konstantinos Vemmos; Eleni Koroboki; Efstathios Manios; Anastasia Vemmou; Ana Rodríguez-Campello; Elisa Cuadrado-Godia; Jaume Roquer; Valentina Arnao; Valeria Caso; Maurizio Paciaroni; Exuperio Diez-Tejedor; Blanca Fuentes; Josefa Pérez Lucas; Antonio Arauz; Sebastian F Ameriso; Lucía Pertierra; Maia Gómez-Schneider; Maximiliano A Hawkes; Fabio Bandini; Beatriz Chavarria Cano; Ana Maria Iglesias Mohedano; Andrés García Pastor; Antonio Gil-Núñez; Jukka Putaala; Turgut Tatlisumak; Miguel A Barboza; George Athanasakis; Fotios Gioulekas; Konstantinos Makaritsis; Vasileios Papavasileiou Journal: Neurology Date: 2017-07-07 Impact factor: 9.910