Discovery and functional characterization of cardiovascular long noncoding RNAs.

Recent advances in sequencing and genomic technologies have resulted in the discovery of thousands of previously unannotated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, their function in the cardiovascular system remains elusive. Here we review and discuss considerations for cardiovascular lncRNA discovery, annotation and functional characterization. Although we primarily focus on the heart, the proposed pipeline should foster functional and mechanistic exploration of these transcripts in various cardiovascular pathologies. Moreover, these insights could ultimately lead to novel therapeutic approaches targeting lncRNAs for the amelioration of cardiovascular diseases including heart failure.