Literature DB >> 26396751

Crystal structure of 7,8-di-chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde.

Yoshinobu Ishikawa1.   

Abstract

In the title compound, C10H4Cl2O3, a dichlorinated 3-formyl-chromone derivative, the fused-ring system is slightly puckered [dihedral angle between the benzene and pyran rings = 3.66 (10)°]. The dihedral angle between the pyran ring and the formyl plane is 8.64 (7)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked through π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance between the benzene and pyran rings = 3.727 (2) Å], C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and short C⋯O contacts [2.838 (4) Å]. Halogen bonds between the formyl O atoms and the Cl atoms at the 7-position [Cl⋯O = 2.984 (3) Å, C-Cl⋯O = 170.83 (12)° and Cl⋯O-C = 116.05 (19)°] are also formed along the a axis, resulting in helical structures constructed by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and Cl⋯O halogen bonds along the b axis. In addition, type II halogen-halogen contacts between the chlorine atoms at the 7- and 8-positions [Cl⋯Cl = 3.519 (2) Å, C-Cl⋯Cl = 171.24 (10)° and 88.74 (11)°] are observed.

Entities:  

Keywords:  crystal structure; halogen bond; halogen–halogen inter­action; hydrogen bond; π–π stacking

Year:  2015        PMID: 26396751      PMCID: PMC4571352          DOI: 10.1107/S205698901501275X

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

Halogen bonding and halogenhalogen inter­actions have recently attracted much attention in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, supra­molecular chemistry and crystal engin­eering (Auffinger et al., 2004 ▸; Metrangolo et al., 2005 ▸; Wilcken et al., 2013 ▸; Sirimulla et al., 2013 ▸; Persch et al., 2015 ▸). Halogen bonding is defined as a net attractive inter­action between an electrophilic region of a halogen atom in a mol­ecule and a nucleophilic region of an atom in a mol­ecule, and is characterized by a short contact between the two atoms. Halogenhalogen inter­actions are generally classified into two categories, type I (θ 1 = θ 2) and type II (θ 1 = 180, θ 2 = 90) where θ 1 and θ 2 are the two C—Cl⋯Cl angles. The type I contact is considered to be van der Waals, and the type II is halogen bonding, i.e., an electrostatic inter­action (Mukherjee et al., 2014 ▸; Metrangolo et al., 2014 ▸). I have recently reported the crystal structures of chlorinated 3-formyl­chromone derivatives 7-chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde (Ishikawa, 2014b ▸), 8-chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde (Ishikawa, 2014a ▸) and 6,8-di­chloro-4-oxochromene-3-carbaldehyde (Ishikawa & Motohashi, 2013 ▸). As for the monochlorinated 3-formyl­chromones, a type I van der Waals contact is observed in 7-chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde (Fig. 1 ▸ a), and a van der Waals contact is observed between the formyl oxygen atom and the chlorine atom in 8-chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde (Fig. 1 ▸ b). On the other hand, as for the dichlorinated 3-formyl­chromone, halogen bonding between the formyl oxygen atom and the chlorine atom at the 8-position and a type I short halogenhalogen contact between the chlorine atoms at the 6-position are observed in 6,8-di­chloro-4-oxochromene-3-carbaldehyde (Fig. 1 ▸ c). As part of our investigation into these types of chemical bonding, I herein report the crystal structure of a dichlorinated 3-formyl­chromone, 7,8-di­chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde. The main objective of this study is to reveal the inter­action modes of the chlorine substituents of the title compound in the solid state.
Figure 1

Sphere models of the crystal structures of (a) 7-chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde (Ishikawa, 2014b ▸), (b) 8-chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde (Ishikawa, 2014a ▸), (c) 6,8-di­chloro-4-oxochromene-3-carbaldehyde (Ishikawa & Motohashi, 2013 ▸) and (d) the title compound.

Structure commentary

The mol­ecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 2 ▸. The fused-ring system is slightly puckered [dihedral angle between the benzene and pyran rings = 3.66 (10)°]. The dihedral angle between the pyran ring and the formyl plane is 8.64 (7)°.
Figure 2

The mol­ecular structure of the title compound, with displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 50% probability level. H atoms are shown as small spheres of arbitrary radius.

Supra­molecular features

In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked through π–π stacking inter­actions between mol­ecules related by translation-symmetryi [centroid–centroid distance between the benzene and pyran rings of the 4H-chromene units = 3.727 (2) Å; symmetry code: (i) x, y + 1, z], and through C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds that involve C1/O2 and C4/O3 atoms, as shown in Fig. 3 ▸ and listed in Table 1 ▸.
Figure 3

A packing view of the title compound. C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and Cl⋯O halogen bonds are represented as dashed lines.

Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (, )

DHA DHHA D A DHA
C1H1O2i 0.952.283.113(4)146(1)
C4H2O3ii 0.952.473.398(4)167(1)
C6Cl1O3iii 1.72(1)2.98(1)4.693(4)171(1)
C10O3Cl1iv 1.21(1)2.98(1)3.678(4)116(1)
C6Cl1Cl2v 1.72(1)3.52(1)3.884(4)89(1)
C7Cl2Cl1vi 1.72(1)3.52(1)5.229(4)171(1)

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) ; (v) ; (vi) .

Halogen bonds are formed between the chlorine atom at the 7-position and the formyl oxygen atomii along the a-axis direction [Cl1⋯O3ii = 2.984 (3) Å, C6–Cl1⋯O3ii = 170.83 (12)°, Cl1⋯O3ii–C10ii = 116.05 (19)°; symmetry code (ii) x − , −y, z], resulting in helical structures constructed by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and Cl⋯O halogen bonds along the b-axis direction, as shown in Figs. 3 ▸ and 4 ▸. In addition, type II halogenhalogen contacts are observed between the chlorine atoms at the 7- and 8-positioniii [Cl1⋯Cl2iii = 3.519 (2) Å, C7iii–Cl2iii⋯Cl1 = 171.24 (10)°, C6–Cl1⋯Cl2iii = 88.74 (11)°; symmetry code (iii) −x, −y, z + ], as shown in Fig. 1 ▸ d. These electrostatic inter­actions around the chlorine atoms in the title compound are likely due to the cooperativity of the electron-withdrawing chlorine atoms at the 7- and 8-positions. Thus, it is suggested that the chlorine atoms should make their σ-holes larger, and their electropositive regions contact the electronegative regions of the oxygen and chlorine atoms.
Figure 4

A helical structure constructed by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and Cl⋯O halogen bonds in the crystal packing.

In addition to the C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, halogen bonds and type II halogenhalogen contacts, an unusually short contact is revealed between the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl O2 and the C—H group of C1iv [2.838 (4) Å; symmetry code (iv) –x + , y, z + ; Fig. 1 ▸ d]. This inter­esting feature is possibly caused by a dipole–dipole inter­action between the O atom and the C—H group that is enhanced by the polarizing effect of the two chlorine atoms at the 7- and 8-positions of the chromone ring. These observations should be helpful in understanding inter­actions of halogenated ligands with proteins, and thus valuable for rational drug design.

Synthesis and crystallization

3′,4′-Di­chloro-2′-hy­droxy­aceto­phenone was prepared from 2,3-di­chloro­phenol by a Fries rearrangement reaction. To a solution of 3′,4′-di­chloro-2′-hy­droxy­aceto­phenone (5.9 mmol) in N,N-di­methyl­formamide (20 ml) was added dropwise POCl3 (11.7 mmol) at 273 K. After the mixture had been stirred for 14 h at room temperature, water (100 ml) was added. The precipitates were collected, washed with water, and dried in vacuo (yield: 64%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.82 (d, 1H, J = 8.8 Hz), 8.08 (d, 1H, J = 8.8 Hz), 9.05 (s, 1H), 10.10 (s, 1H). Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation of a tetra­hydro­furan solution of the title compound at room temperature.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2 ▸. The C-bound hydrogen atoms were placed in geometrical positions and refined using a riding model [C—H 0.95 Å, U iso(H) = 1.2U eq(C)].
Table 2

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC10H4Cl2O3
M r 243.05
Crystal system, space groupOrthorhombic, P c a21
Temperature (K)100
a, b, c ()23.091(7), 3.7704(18), 10.729(5)
V (3)934.1(7)
Z 4
Radiation typeMo K
(mm1)0.67
Crystal size (mm)0.41 0.12 0.05
 
Data collection
DiffractometerRigaku AFC7R
No. of measured, independent and observed [F 2 > 2.0(F 2)] reflections1571, 1291, 1155
R int 0.015
(sin /)max (1)0.650
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.025, 0.057, 1.05
No. of reflections1291
No. of parameters136
No. of restraints1
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
max, min (e 3)0.24, 0.27
Absolute structureFlack (1983), 169 Friedel pairs
Absolute structure parameter0.06(8)

Computer programs: WinAFC Diffractometer Control Software (Rigaku, 1999 ▸), SIR2008 (Burla et al., 2007 ▸), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸) and CrystalStructure (Rigaku, 2010 ▸).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) General, I. DOI: 10.1107/S205698901501275X/zl2631sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S205698901501275X/zl2631Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S205698901501275X/zl2631Isup3.cml CCDC reference: 1410048 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C10H4Cl2O3F(000) = 488.00
Mr = 243.05Dx = 1.728 Mg m3
Orthorhombic, Pca21Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71069 Å
Hall symbol: P 2c -2acCell parameters from 22 reflections
a = 23.091 (7) Åθ = 15.8–17.3°
b = 3.7704 (18) ŵ = 0.67 mm1
c = 10.729 (5) ÅT = 100 K
V = 934.1 (7) Å3Plate, yellow
Z = 40.41 × 0.12 × 0.05 mm
Rigaku AFC–7R diffractometerθmax = 27.5°
ω scansh = 0→29
1571 measured reflectionsk = −4→2
1291 independent reflectionsl = −7→13
1155 reflections with F2 > 2.0σ(F2)3 standard reflections every 150 reflections
Rint = 0.015 intensity decay: 1.1%
Refinement on F2Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.025H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.057w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0252P)2 + 0.2201P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.05(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
1291 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.24 e Å3
136 parametersΔρmin = −0.27 e Å3
1 restraintAbsolute structure: Flack (1983), 169 Friedel pairs
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsAbsolute structure parameter: 0.06 (8)
Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Refinement. Refinement was performed using all reflections. The weighted R-factor (wR) and goodness of fit (S) are based on F2. R-factor (gt) are based on F. The threshold expression of F2 > 2.0 σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factor (gt).
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Cl1−0.02754 (3)0.3441 (2)0.16617 (7)0.02008 (17)
Cl20.05650 (3)−0.0003 (3)−0.03533 (8)0.01821 (16)
O10.17307 (8)−0.0690 (6)0.04845 (18)0.0137 (5)
O20.24923 (9)0.3154 (5)0.36500 (17)0.0179 (5)
O30.34477 (9)−0.3040 (6)0.12579 (19)0.0254 (6)
C10.22935 (12)−0.1270 (8)0.0740 (3)0.0136 (7)
C20.25652 (12)−0.0155 (7)0.1782 (3)0.0140 (6)
C30.22568 (13)0.1862 (9)0.2724 (3)0.0149 (7)
C40.12566 (13)0.3790 (8)0.3362 (3)0.0156 (7)
C50.06756 (13)0.4108 (8)0.3106 (3)0.0169 (7)
C60.04536 (12)0.2967 (8)0.1961 (3)0.0156 (7)
C70.08124 (12)0.1435 (8)0.1075 (3)0.0132 (7)
C80.16288 (12)0.2231 (8)0.2485 (3)0.0116 (7)
C90.13996 (12)0.1023 (8)0.1362 (3)0.0127 (7)
C100.31843 (13)−0.1099 (9)0.1950 (3)0.0195 (7)
H10.2515−0.25540.01450.0163*
H20.14060.46260.41330.0187*
H30.04230.51090.37100.0203*
H40.3385−0.01190.26420.0233*
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Cl10.0144 (3)0.0234 (4)0.0224 (4)0.0021 (3)0.0007 (4)0.0024 (4)
Cl20.0181 (3)0.0216 (4)0.0149 (3)−0.0005 (4)−0.0043 (4)−0.0019 (4)
O10.0147 (10)0.0162 (12)0.0102 (10)0.0015 (9)−0.0001 (9)−0.0031 (9)
O20.0218 (10)0.0199 (11)0.0122 (11)−0.0014 (10)−0.0039 (10)−0.0028 (11)
O30.0199 (12)0.0330 (14)0.0233 (13)0.0064 (11)−0.0001 (9)−0.0089 (12)
C10.0154 (13)0.0113 (16)0.0140 (15)0.0000 (12)0.0013 (13)0.0014 (13)
C20.0152 (14)0.0118 (14)0.0148 (15)0.0014 (11)0.0005 (13)0.0027 (16)
C30.0214 (15)0.0128 (16)0.0106 (14)−0.0016 (13)−0.0019 (13)0.0040 (14)
C40.0224 (15)0.0113 (16)0.0130 (16)−0.0017 (13)0.0003 (13)−0.0023 (13)
C50.0209 (15)0.0161 (18)0.0137 (15)−0.0012 (14)0.0064 (13)−0.0008 (13)
C60.0148 (13)0.0111 (15)0.0208 (18)0.0000 (12)0.0011 (12)0.0024 (14)
C70.0152 (14)0.0106 (15)0.0139 (15)−0.0045 (13)−0.0033 (12)0.0026 (13)
C80.0149 (14)0.0112 (16)0.0087 (14)−0.0025 (12)−0.0002 (12)−0.0002 (12)
C90.0193 (14)0.0093 (14)0.0095 (14)0.0016 (12)0.0030 (12)0.0016 (12)
C100.0209 (15)0.0208 (17)0.0166 (16)0.0003 (14)0.0012 (13)−0.0017 (14)
Cl1—C61.723 (3)C4—C51.375 (5)
Cl2—C71.723 (3)C4—C81.403 (4)
O1—C11.346 (4)C5—C61.399 (5)
O1—C91.374 (4)C6—C71.387 (4)
O2—C31.233 (4)C7—C91.399 (4)
O3—C101.207 (4)C8—C91.393 (4)
C1—C21.349 (5)C1—H10.950
C2—C31.452 (4)C4—H20.950
C2—C101.484 (5)C5—H30.950
C3—C81.479 (4)C10—H40.950
Cl1···Cl23.1821 (13)Cl1···H32.7981
Cl2···O12.850 (3)O2···H22.6203
O1···C32.860 (4)O2···H42.6344
O2···C13.570 (4)O3···H12.4697
O2···C42.880 (4)C1···H43.2719
O2···C102.907 (4)C3···H13.2841
O3···C12.803 (4)C3···H22.6882
C1···C73.587 (4)C3···H42.7113
C1···C82.758 (5)C6···H23.2648
C2···C92.765 (4)C7···H33.2742
C4···C72.803 (4)C8···H33.2642
C5···C92.766 (4)C9···H13.1865
C6···C82.785 (4)C9···H23.2686
Cl1···Cl2i3.5191 (17)C10···H12.5378
Cl1···O3ii2.984 (3)H1···H43.4723
Cl2···Cl1iii3.5191 (17)H2···H32.3217
O1···O2iv3.533 (3)Cl1···H3xi3.2315
O1···O2v3.032 (3)Cl1···H4ii3.4992
O1···C8vi3.434 (4)Cl2···H3iii3.1499
O1···C9vi3.352 (4)Cl2···H3xi3.1018
O2···O1vii3.032 (3)Cl2···H4v3.2415
O2···O1viii3.533 (3)O1···H1ix3.5807
O2···C1vii2.838 (4)O1···H4v3.0689
O2···C1viii3.113 (4)O2···H1vii2.6840
O2···C2ix3.227 (4)O2···H1viii2.2789
O2···C2vii3.586 (4)O2···H4ix3.4425
O2···C3ix3.473 (4)O3···H2iv2.4674
O2···C10ix3.252 (4)O3···H4vi3.0577
O3···Cl1x2.984 (3)C1···H1ix3.3865
O3···C2vi3.415 (4)C2···H1ix3.3630
O3···C4iv3.398 (4)C3···H1ix3.5280
O3···C10vi3.186 (5)C3···H1vii3.1298
C1···O2iv3.113 (4)C3···H1viii3.3849
C1···O2v2.838 (4)C4···H2vi3.5694
C1···C2vi3.587 (5)C5···H3vi3.5033
C1···C3vi3.354 (5)C6···H3vi3.5082
C1···C3v3.597 (5)C8···H2vi3.4070
C1···C8vi3.445 (5)C10···H2iv3.5538
C2···O2vi3.227 (4)C10···H4vi3.5117
C2···O2v3.586 (4)H1···O1vi3.5807
C2···O3ix3.415 (4)H1···O2iv2.2789
C2···C1ix3.587 (5)H1···O2v2.6840
C2···C3vi3.254 (5)H1···C1vi3.3865
C3···O2vi3.473 (4)H1···C2vi3.3630
C3···C1ix3.354 (5)H1···C3vi3.5280
C3···C1vii3.597 (5)H1···C3iv3.3849
C3···C2ix3.254 (5)H1···C3v3.1298
C3···C10ix3.510 (5)H1···H2iv2.9187
C4···O3viii3.398 (4)H1···H4v3.5172
C4···C8ix3.428 (5)H2···O3viii2.4674
C4···C9ix3.486 (4)H2···C4ix3.5694
C5···C6ix3.596 (5)H2···C8ix3.4070
C5···C7ix3.532 (5)H2···C10viii3.5538
C6···C5vi3.596 (5)H2···H1viii2.9187
C6···C7ix3.432 (5)H3···Cl1xii3.2315
C7···C5vi3.532 (5)H3···Cl2i3.1499
C7···C6vi3.432 (5)H3···Cl2xii3.1018
C8···O1ix3.434 (4)H3···C5ix3.5033
C8···C1ix3.445 (5)H3···C6ix3.5082
C8···C4vi3.428 (5)H4···Cl1x3.4992
C8···C9ix3.567 (5)H4···Cl2vii3.2415
C9···O1ix3.352 (4)H4···O1vii3.0689
C9···C4vi3.486 (4)H4···O2vi3.4425
C9···C8vi3.567 (5)H4···O3ix3.0577
C10···O2vi3.252 (4)H4···C10ix3.5117
C10···O3ix3.186 (5)H4···H1vii3.5172
C10···C3vi3.510 (5)
C1—O1—C9118.3 (3)C3—C8—C4121.6 (3)
O1—C1—C2124.5 (3)C3—C8—C9119.5 (3)
C1—C2—C3120.8 (3)C4—C8—C9119.0 (3)
C1—C2—C10118.3 (3)O1—C9—C7116.2 (3)
C3—C2—C10120.9 (3)O1—C9—C8122.3 (3)
O2—C3—C2123.5 (3)C7—C9—C8121.5 (3)
O2—C3—C8122.4 (3)O3—C10—C2123.8 (3)
C2—C3—C8114.2 (3)O1—C1—H1117.736
C5—C4—C8120.0 (3)C2—C1—H1117.719
C4—C5—C6120.4 (3)C5—C4—H2119.983
Cl1—C6—C5119.3 (3)C8—C4—H2119.980
Cl1—C6—C7120.0 (3)C4—C5—H3119.801
C5—C6—C7120.7 (3)C6—C5—H3119.790
Cl2—C7—C6122.8 (3)O3—C10—H4118.100
Cl2—C7—C9118.8 (2)C2—C10—H4118.125
C6—C7—C9118.3 (3)
C1—O1—C9—C7−177.5 (3)C8—C4—C5—C6−1.6 (5)
C1—O1—C9—C81.3 (4)C8—C4—C5—H3178.4
C9—O1—C1—C2−2.9 (4)H2—C4—C5—C6178.4
C9—O1—C1—H1177.1H2—C4—C5—H3−1.6
O1—C1—C2—C3−0.8 (5)H2—C4—C8—C3−0.4
O1—C1—C2—C10178.1 (3)H2—C4—C8—C9180.0
H1—C1—C2—C3179.2C4—C5—C6—Cl1−179.4 (3)
H1—C1—C2—C10−1.9C4—C5—C6—C71.3 (5)
C1—C2—C3—O2−174.8 (3)H3—C5—C6—Cl10.6
C1—C2—C3—C85.5 (4)H3—C5—C6—C7−178.7
C1—C2—C10—O3−6.0 (5)Cl1—C6—C7—Cl21.0 (4)
C1—C2—C10—H4173.9Cl1—C6—C7—C9−178.62 (18)
C3—C2—C10—O3172.8 (3)C5—C6—C7—Cl2−179.7 (3)
C3—C2—C10—H4−7.2C5—C6—C7—C90.7 (5)
C10—C2—C3—O26.3 (5)Cl2—C7—C9—O1−3.2 (4)
C10—C2—C3—C8−173.4 (3)Cl2—C7—C9—C8178.01 (18)
O2—C3—C8—C4−6.1 (5)C6—C7—C9—O1176.4 (3)
O2—C3—C8—C9173.5 (3)C6—C7—C9—C8−2.4 (4)
C2—C3—C8—C4173.6 (3)C3—C8—C9—O13.7 (4)
C2—C3—C8—C9−6.8 (4)C3—C8—C9—C7−177.6 (3)
C5—C4—C8—C3179.6 (3)C4—C8—C9—O1−176.7 (3)
C5—C4—C8—C90.0 (4)C4—C8—C9—C72.0 (4)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C1—H1···O2iv0.952.283.113 (4)146 (1)
C4—H2···O3viii0.952.473.398 (4)167 (1)
C6—Cl1···O3ii1.72 (1)2.98 (1)4.693 (4)171 (1)
C10—O3···Cl1x1.21 (1)2.98 (1)3.678 (4)116 (1)
C6—Cl1···Cl2i1.72 (1)3.52 (1)3.884 (4)89 (1)
C7—Cl2···Cl1iii1.72 (1)3.52 (1)5.229 (4)171 (1)
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4.  Halogen bonding based recognition processes: a world parallel to hydrogen bonding.

Authors:  Pierangelo Metrangolo; Hannes Neukirch; Tullio Pilati; Giuseppe Resnati
Journal:  Acc Chem Res       Date:  2005-05       Impact factor: 22.384

5.  Halogen bonds in biological molecules.

Authors:  Pascal Auffinger; Franklin A Hays; Eric Westhof; P Shing Ho
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  2004-11-19       Impact factor: 11.205

6.  Halogen interactions in protein-ligand complexes: implications of halogen bonding for rational drug design.

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Journal:  J Chem Inf Model       Date:  2013-11-13       Impact factor: 4.956

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Authors:  Yoshinobu Ishikawa; Yuya Motohashi
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2013-08-14

8.  Halogen bonds in some dihalogenated phenols: applications to crystal engineering.

Authors:  Arijit Mukherjee; Gautam R Desiraju
Journal:  IUCrJ       Date:  2013-10-18       Impact factor: 4.769

9.  Type II halogen···halogen contacts are halogen bonds.

Authors:  Pierangelo Metrangolo; Giuseppe Resnati
Journal:  IUCrJ       Date:  2013-12-31       Impact factor: 4.769

10.  7-Chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde.

Authors:  Yoshinobu Ishikawa
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2014-07-02
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