Timo Hänninen1, Markku Tuominen2, Jari Parkkari3, Matti Vartiainen4, Juha Öhman5, Grant L Iverson6, Teemu M Luoto5. 1. Tampere Research Centre of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Finland. Electronic address: timo.hanninen@fimnet.fi. 2. International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), Medical Committee, Switzerland; Liiga/Finnish Ice Hockey Association, Finland; Medisport Ltd, Finland. 3. Tampere Research Centre of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Finland. 4. Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Division of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology University of Helsinki, Finland. 5. Department of Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland. 6. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital for Children Sport Concussion Program, USA; Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Home Base Program, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine normative reference values for the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-3rd Edition (SCAT3) using a large sample of professional male ice hockey players. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study. METHODS: Preseason baseline testing was administered individually to 304 professional male ice hockey players. RESULTS: The participants were aged between 16 and 40 with a mean (M) age of 25.3 years. Over 60% of the athletes reported previous concussion, almost 20% had been hospitalized or medically imaged following a head trauma. Of the players, 48% reported no symptoms. The symptom score median (Md) was 1.0 (M=1.5) and severity median was 1.0 (M=2.3). The median of the SAC score was 27.0 (M=27.0). The median of the M-BESS was 1.0 (M=2.0). The Tandem gait median was 10.9s (M=10.8s). The most common baseline symptom was neck pain (24%). Delayed recall was the most difficult component of the SAC (Md=4); only 24% performed it flawlessly. All athletes completed the double-leg stance of the M-BESS without errors, but there was performance variability in the tandem stance (Md=0, M=0.6, range=0-10) and single-leg stance (Md=1.0, M=1.4, range=0-10). CONCLUSIONS: Representative normative reference values for the SCAT3 among professional male ice hockey players are provided.
OBJECTIVES: To determine normative reference values for the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-3rd Edition (SCAT3) using a large sample of professional male ice hockey players. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study. METHODS: Preseason baseline testing was administered individually to 304 professional male ice hockey players. RESULTS: The participants were aged between 16 and 40 with a mean (M) age of 25.3 years. Over 60% of the athletes reported previous concussion, almost 20% had been hospitalized or medically imaged following a head trauma. Of the players, 48% reported no symptoms. The symptom score median (Md) was 1.0 (M=1.5) and severity median was 1.0 (M=2.3). The median of the SAC score was 27.0 (M=27.0). The median of the M-BESS was 1.0 (M=2.0). The Tandem gait median was 10.9s (M=10.8s). The most common baseline symptom was neck pain (24%). Delayed recall was the most difficult component of the SAC (Md=4); only 24% performed it flawlessly. All athletes completed the double-leg stance of the M-BESS without errors, but there was performance variability in the tandem stance (Md=0, M=0.6, range=0-10) and single-leg stance (Md=1.0, M=1.4, range=0-10). CONCLUSIONS: Representative normative reference values for the SCAT3 among professional male ice hockey players are provided.
Authors: Jessie R Oldham; Melissa S DiFabio; Thomas W Kaminski; Ryan M DeWolf; Thomas A Buckley Journal: Sports Health Date: 2016-11-01 Impact factor: 3.843
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