L Soileau1, D Bautista2, C Johnson3, C Gao3, K Zhang4, X Li4, S B Heymsfield3, D Thomas5, J Zheng3. 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA. 2. Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. 3. Body Composition Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. 4. Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. 5. Department of Mathematics, Center for Quantitative Obesity Research, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Anthropometry for measuring body composition, shape, surface area and volume is important for human clinical research and practice. Although training and technical skills are required for traditional tape and caliper anthropometry, a new opportunity exists for automated measurement using newly developed relatively low-cost three-dimensional (3D) imaging devices. The aim of this study was to compare results provided by a Kinect-based device to a traditional laser 3D reference system. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Measurements made by the evaluated device, a hybrid of commercially purchased hardware (KX-16; TC(2), Cary, NC, USA) with our additional added software, were compared with those derived by a high-resolution laser scanner (Vitus Smart XXL; Human Solutions North America, Cary, NC, USA). Both imaging systems were compared with additional linear (stadiometer-derived height) and volumetric (total volume, air-displacement plethysmography) measurements. Subjects (n=101) were healthy children (age ≥5 years) and adults varying in body mass index. RESULTS: Representative linear (4), circumferential (6), volumetric (3) and surface area (1) measurements made by the Kinect-based device showed a consistent pattern relative to the laser system: high correlations (R(2)s= 0.70-0.99, all P<0.001); 1-3% differences for large linear (for example, height, X±s.d., -1.4±0.5%), circumferential (for example, waist circumference, -2.1±1.8%), volume (for example, total body, -0.8±2.2%) and surface area (whole-body, -1.7±2.0%) estimates. By contrast, mean measurement differences were substantially larger for small structures (for example, forearm volume, 31.3±31.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Low-cost 3D Kinect-based imaging systems have the potential for providing automated accurate anthropometric and related body measurements for relatively large components; further hardware and software developments may be able to improve system small-component resolution.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Anthropometry for measuring body composition, shape, surface area and volume is important for human clinical research and practice. Although training and technical skills are required for traditional tape and caliper anthropometry, a new opportunity exists for automated measurement using newly developed relatively low-cost three-dimensional (3D) imaging devices. The aim of this study was to compare results provided by a Kinect-based device to a traditional laser 3D reference system. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Measurements made by the evaluated device, a hybrid of commercially purchased hardware (KX-16; TC(2), Cary, NC, USA) with our additional added software, were compared with those derived by a high-resolution laser scanner (Vitus Smart XXL; Human Solutions North America, Cary, NC, USA). Both imaging systems were compared with additional linear (stadiometer-derived height) and volumetric (total volume, air-displacement plethysmography) measurements. Subjects (n=101) were healthy children (age ≥5 years) and adults varying in body mass index. RESULTS: Representative linear (4), circumferential (6), volumetric (3) and surface area (1) measurements made by the Kinect-based device showed a consistent pattern relative to the laser system: high correlations (R(2)s= 0.70-0.99, all P<0.001); 1-3% differences for large linear (for example, height, X±s.d., -1.4±0.5%), circumferential (for example, waist circumference, -2.1±1.8%), volume (for example, total body, -0.8±2.2%) and surface area (whole-body, -1.7±2.0%) estimates. By contrast, mean measurement differences were substantially larger for small structures (for example, forearm volume, 31.3±31.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Low-cost 3D Kinect-based imaging systems have the potential for providing automated accurate anthropometric and related body measurements for relatively large components; further hardware and software developments may be able to improve system small-component resolution.
Authors: Jack Wang; Dympna Gallagher; John C Thornton; Wen Yu; Mary Horlick; F Xavier Pi-Sunyer Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2006-04 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Ulrich M Moissl; Peter Wabel; Paul W Chamney; Ingvar Bosaeus; Nathan W Levin; Anja Bosy-Westphal; Oliver Korth; Manfred J Müller; Lars Ellegård; Vibeke Malmros; Charoen Kaitwatcharachai; Martin K Kuhlmann; Fansan Zhu; Nigel J Fuller Journal: Physiol Meas Date: 2006-07-25 Impact factor: 2.833
Authors: P De Miguel-Etayo; M I Mesana; G Cardon; I De Bourdeaudhuij; M Góźdź; P Socha; M Lateva; V Iotova; B V Koletzko; K Duvinage; O Androutsos; Y Manios; L A Moreno Journal: Obes Rev Date: 2014-08 Impact factor: 9.213
Authors: Sonja I Berndt; Stefan Gustafsson; Reedik Mägi; Andrea Ganna; Eleanor Wheeler; Mary F Feitosa; Anne E Justice; Keri L Monda; Damien C Croteau-Chonka; Felix R Day; Tõnu Esko; Tove Fall; Teresa Ferreira; Davide Gentilini; Anne U Jackson; Jian'an Luan; Joshua C Randall; Sailaja Vedantam; Cristen J Willer; Thomas W Winkler; Andrew R Wood; Tsegaselassie Workalemahu; Yi-Juan Hu; Sang Hong Lee; Liming Liang; Dan-Yu Lin; Josine L Min; Benjamin M Neale; Gudmar Thorleifsson; Jian Yang; Eva Albrecht; Najaf Amin; Jennifer L Bragg-Gresham; Gemma Cadby; Martin den Heijer; Niina Eklund; Krista Fischer; Anuj Goel; Jouke-Jan Hottenga; Jennifer E Huffman; Ivonne Jarick; Åsa Johansson; Toby Johnson; Stavroula Kanoni; Marcus E Kleber; Inke R König; Kati Kristiansson; Zoltán Kutalik; Claudia Lamina; Cecile Lecoeur; Guo Li; Massimo Mangino; Wendy L McArdle; Carolina Medina-Gomez; Martina Müller-Nurasyid; Julius S Ngwa; Ilja M Nolte; Lavinia Paternoster; Sonali Pechlivanis; Markus Perola; Marjolein J Peters; Michael Preuss; Lynda M Rose; Jianxin Shi; Dmitry Shungin; Albert Vernon Smith; Rona J Strawbridge; Ida Surakka; Alexander Teumer; Mieke D Trip; Jonathan Tyrer; Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk; Liesbeth Vandenput; Lindsay L Waite; Jing Hua Zhao; Devin Absher; Folkert W Asselbergs; Mustafa Atalay; Antony P Attwood; Anthony J Balmforth; Hanneke Basart; John Beilby; Lori L Bonnycastle; Paolo Brambilla; Marcel Bruinenberg; Harry Campbell; Daniel I Chasman; Peter S Chines; Francis S Collins; John M Connell; William O Cookson; Ulf de Faire; Femmie de Vegt; Mariano Dei; Maria Dimitriou; Sarah Edkins; Karol Estrada; David M Evans; Martin Farrall; Marco M Ferrario; Jean Ferrières; Lude Franke; Francesca Frau; Pablo V Gejman; Harald Grallert; Henrik Grönberg; Vilmundur Gudnason; Alistair S Hall; Per Hall; Anna-Liisa Hartikainen; Caroline Hayward; Nancy L Heard-Costa; Andrew C Heath; Johannes Hebebrand; Georg Homuth; Frank B Hu; Sarah E Hunt; Elina Hyppönen; Carlos Iribarren; Kevin B Jacobs; John-Olov Jansson; Antti Jula; Mika Kähönen; Sekar Kathiresan; Frank Kee; Kay-Tee Khaw; Mika Kivimäki; Wolfgang Koenig; Aldi T Kraja; Meena Kumari; Kari Kuulasmaa; Johanna Kuusisto; Jaana H Laitinen; Timo A Lakka; Claudia Langenberg; Lenore J Launer; Lars Lind; Jaana Lindström; Jianjun Liu; Antonio Liuzzi; Marja-Liisa Lokki; Mattias Lorentzon; Pamela A Madden; Patrik K Magnusson; Paolo Manunta; Diana Marek; Winfried März; Irene Mateo Leach; Barbara McKnight; Sarah E Medland; Evelin Mihailov; Lili Milani; Grant W Montgomery; Vincent Mooser; Thomas W Mühleisen; Patricia B Munroe; Arthur W Musk; Narisu Narisu; Gerjan Navis; George Nicholson; Ellen A Nohr; Ken K Ong; Ben A Oostra; Colin N A Palmer; Aarno Palotie; John F Peden; Nancy Pedersen; Annette Peters; Ozren Polasek; Anneli Pouta; Peter P Pramstaller; Inga Prokopenko; Carolin Pütter; Aparna Radhakrishnan; Olli Raitakari; Augusto Rendon; Fernando Rivadeneira; Igor Rudan; Timo E Saaristo; Jennifer G Sambrook; Alan R Sanders; Serena Sanna; Jouko Saramies; Sabine Schipf; Stefan Schreiber; Heribert Schunkert; So-Youn Shin; Stefano Signorini; Juha Sinisalo; Boris Skrobek; Nicole Soranzo; Alena Stančáková; Klaus Stark; Jonathan C Stephens; Kathleen Stirrups; Ronald P Stolk; Michael Stumvoll; Amy J Swift; Eirini V Theodoraki; Barbara Thorand; David-Alexandre Tregouet; Elena Tremoli; Melanie M Van der Klauw; Joyce B J van Meurs; Sita H Vermeulen; Jorma Viikari; Jarmo Virtamo; Veronique Vitart; Gérard Waeber; Zhaoming Wang; Elisabeth Widén; Sarah H Wild; Gonneke Willemsen; Bernhard R Winkelmann; Jacqueline C M Witteman; Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel; Andrew Wong; Alan F Wright; M Carola Zillikens; Philippe Amouyel; Bernhard O Boehm; Eric Boerwinkle; Dorret I Boomsma; Mark J Caulfield; Stephen J Chanock; L Adrienne Cupples; Daniele Cusi; George V Dedoussis; Jeanette Erdmann; Johan G Eriksson; Paul W Franks; Philippe Froguel; Christian Gieger; Ulf Gyllensten; Anders Hamsten; Tamara B Harris; Christian Hengstenberg; Andrew A Hicks; Aroon Hingorani; Anke Hinney; Albert Hofman; Kees G Hovingh; Kristian Hveem; Thomas Illig; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin; Karl-Heinz Jöckel; Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi; Lambertus A Kiemeney; Diana Kuh; Markku Laakso; Terho Lehtimäki; Douglas F Levinson; Nicholas G Martin; Andres Metspalu; Andrew D Morris; Markku S Nieminen; Inger Njølstad; Claes Ohlsson; Albertine J Oldehinkel; Willem H Ouwehand; Lyle J Palmer; Brenda Penninx; Chris Power; Michael A Province; Bruce M Psaty; Lu Qi; Rainer Rauramaa; Paul M Ridker; Samuli Ripatti; Veikko Salomaa; Nilesh J Samani; Harold Snieder; Thorkild I A Sørensen; Timothy D Spector; Kari Stefansson; Anke Tönjes; Jaakko Tuomilehto; André G Uitterlinden; Matti Uusitupa; Pim van der Harst; Peter Vollenweider; Henri Wallaschofski; Nicholas J Wareham; Hugh Watkins; H-Erich Wichmann; James F Wilson; Goncalo R Abecasis; Themistocles L Assimes; Inês Barroso; Michael Boehnke; Ingrid B Borecki; Panos Deloukas; Caroline S Fox; Timothy Frayling; Leif C Groop; Talin Haritunian; Iris M Heid; David Hunter; Robert C Kaplan; Fredrik Karpe; Miriam F Moffatt; Karen L Mohlke; Jeffrey R O'Connell; Yudi Pawitan; Eric E Schadt; David Schlessinger; Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir; David P Strachan; Unnur Thorsteinsdottir; Cornelia M van Duijn; Peter M Visscher; Anna Maria Di Blasio; Joel N Hirschhorn; Cecilia M Lindgren; Andrew P Morris; David Meyre; André Scherag; Mark I McCarthy; Elizabeth K Speliotes; Kari E North; Ruth J F Loos; Erik Ingelsson Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2013-04-07 Impact factor: 38.330
Authors: James D Pleuss; Kevin Talty; Steven Morse; Patrick Kuiper; Michael Scioletti; Steven B Heymsfield; Diana M Thomas Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2018-10-12 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: B Bourgeois; B K Ng; D Latimer; C R Stannard; L Romeo; X Li; J A Shepherd; S B Heymsfield Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2017-09-06 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: Russell Nelson; Johnathan Cheatham; Dympna Gallagher; Kevin Bigelman; Diana M Thomas Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2018-09-04 Impact factor: 5.095