Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau1, Soledad Romero2, Dolores Moreno3, Elena de la Serna4, Inmaculada Baeza5, Gisela Sugranyes6, Carmen Moreno3, Teresa Sanchez-Gutierrez3, Elisa Rodriguez-Toscano3, Josefina Castro-Fornieles5. 1. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institute Clinic of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain. Electronic address: vgistau@clinic.cat. 2. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institute Clinic of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain. 3. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Adolescent Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. 4. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain. 5. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institute Clinic of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. 6. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institute Clinic of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Early clinical manifestations predating schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) have not been fully characterized. Child offspring studies are a valuable opportunity to study the natural history of the illness from its earliest stages. However, there is limited evidence assessing young offspring of SZ and BP simultaneously. We set out to assess rates of psychiatric disorders in child and adolescent offspring of SZ and BP, relative to offspring of community controls, so as to characterize the early phenotype of the disorders comparatively. METHODS: SZ and BP parents with offspring aged 7-17years were recruited through adult mental health services of two tertiary hospitals. Community control (CC) parents were recruited from the same geographical area. Ninety BP-offspring, 41 SZ-offspring and 107 CC-offspring were assessed using the K-SADS-PL by child psychiatrists blinded to parental status. Differences in prevalence of psychiatric disorders between groups were adjusted for confounders and for sibling correlation using generalised estimating equations. RESULTS: We found a gradient of clinical severity and social disadvantage between SZ, BP and CC-offspring. After adjusting for socio-demographic confounders, SZ and BP-offspring presented higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) than CC-offspring. ADHD was more prevalent in SZ-offspring than BP-offspring, and BP-offspring presented a higher prevalence of depression than CC-offspring. CONCLUSIONS: The higher rates of ADHD in SZ-offspring suggest that abnormal neurodevelopmental processes may exert a stronger influence in SZ than BP. Follow-up of these children will help elucidate the role of ADHD and depression phenotypes in predicting future transition to SZ or BP.
BACKGROUND: Early clinical manifestations predating schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) have not been fully characterized. Child offspring studies are a valuable opportunity to study the natural history of the illness from its earliest stages. However, there is limited evidence assessing young offspring of SZ and BP simultaneously. We set out to assess rates of psychiatric disorders in child and adolescent offspring of SZ and BP, relative to offspring of community controls, so as to characterize the early phenotype of the disorders comparatively. METHODS: SZ and BP parents with offspring aged 7-17years were recruited through adult mental health services of two tertiary hospitals. Community control (CC) parents were recruited from the same geographical area. Ninety BP-offspring, 41 SZ-offspring and 107 CC-offspring were assessed using the K-SADS-PL by child psychiatrists blinded to parental status. Differences in prevalence of psychiatric disorders between groups were adjusted for confounders and for sibling correlation using generalised estimating equations. RESULTS: We found a gradient of clinical severity and social disadvantage between SZ, BP and CC-offspring. After adjusting for socio-demographic confounders, SZ and BP-offspring presented higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) than CC-offspring. ADHD was more prevalent in SZ-offspring than BP-offspring, and BP-offspring presented a higher prevalence of depression than CC-offspring. CONCLUSIONS: The higher rates of ADHD in SZ-offspring suggest that abnormal neurodevelopmental processes may exert a stronger influence in SZ than BP. Follow-up of these children will help elucidate the role of ADHD and depression phenotypes in predicting future transition to SZ or BP.
Authors: Michel G Nivard; Suzanne H Gage; Jouke J Hottenga; Catharina E M van Beijsterveldt; Abdel Abdellaoui; Meike Bartels; Bart M L Baselmans; Lannie Ligthart; Beate St Pourcain; Dorret I Boomsma; Marcus R Munafò; Christel M Middeldorp Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2017-10-21 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Gisela Sugranyes; Elena de la Serna; Roger Borras; Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau; Jose C Pariente; Soledad Romero; Inmaculada Baeza; Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja; Elisa Rodriguez-Toscano; Carmen Moreno; Miguel Bernardo; Dolores Moreno; Eduard Vieta; Josefina Castro-Fornieles Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2017-10-21 Impact factor: 9.306