Orlando M Gutiérrez1, Alexandra Luzuriaga-McPherson1, Yiming Lin1, Linda C Gilbert1, Shin-Woo Ha1, George R Beck1. 1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (O.M.G., A.L.-M.), and Department of Epidemiology (O.M.G.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine (Y.L., S.-W.H., G.R.B.), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322; The Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (L.C.G., G.R.B.), Decatur, Georgia 30033; and The Winship Cancer Institute (G.R.B.), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Phosphorus-based food additives can substantially increase total phosphorus intake per day, but the effect of these additives on endocrine factors regulating bone and mineral metabolism is unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the effect of phosphorus additives on markers of bone and mineral metabolism. Design and Setting, and Participants: This was a feeding study of 10 healthy individuals fed a diet providing ∼1000 mg of phosphorus/d using foods known to be free of phosphorus additives for 1 week (low-additive diet), immediately followed by a diet containing identical food items; however, the foods contained phosphorus additives (additive-enhanced diet). Parallel studies were conducted in animals fed low- (0.2%) and high- (1.8%) phosphorus diets for 5 or 15 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The changes in markers of mineral metabolism after each diet period were measured. RESULTS: Participants were 32 ± 8 years old, 30% male, and 70% black. The measured phosphorus content of the additive-enhanced diet was 606 ± 125 mg higher than the low-additive diet (P < .001). After 1 week of the low-additive diet, consuming the additive-enhanced diet for 1 week significantly increased circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), osteopontin, and osteocalcin concentrations by 23, 10, and 11%, respectively, and decreased mean sclerostin concentrations (P < .05 for all). Similarly, high-phosphorus diets in mice significantly increased blood FGF23, osteopontin and osteocalcin, lowered sclerostin, and decreased bone mineral density (P < .05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: The enhanced phosphorus content of processed foods can disturb bone and mineral metabolism in humans. The results of the animal studies suggest that this may compromise bone health.
CONTEXT: Phosphorus-based food additives can substantially increase total phosphorus intake per day, but the effect of these additives on endocrine factors regulating bone and mineral metabolism is unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the effect of phosphorus additives on markers of bone and mineral metabolism. Design and Setting, and Participants: This was a feeding study of 10 healthy individuals fed a diet providing ∼1000 mg of phosphorus/d using foods known to be free of phosphorus additives for 1 week (low-additive diet), immediately followed by a diet containing identical food items; however, the foods contained phosphorus additives (additive-enhanced diet). Parallel studies were conducted in animals fed low- (0.2%) and high- (1.8%) phosphorus diets for 5 or 15 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The changes in markers of mineral metabolism after each diet period were measured. RESULTS:Participants were 32 ± 8 years old, 30% male, and 70% black. The measured phosphorus content of the additive-enhanced diet was 606 ± 125 mg higher than the low-additive diet (P < .001). After 1 week of the low-additive diet, consuming the additive-enhanced diet for 1 week significantly increased circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), osteopontin, and osteocalcin concentrations by 23, 10, and 11%, respectively, and decreased mean sclerostin concentrations (P < .05 for all). Similarly, high-phosphorus diets in mice significantly increased blood FGF23, osteopontin and osteocalcin, lowered sclerostin, and decreased bone mineral density (P < .05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: The enhanced phosphorus content of processed foods can disturb bone and mineral metabolism in humans. The results of the animal studies suggest that this may compromise bone health.
Authors: Anna Carrigan; Andrew Klinger; Suzanne S Choquette; Alexandra Luzuriaga-McPherson; Emmy K Bell; Betty Darnell; Orlando M Gutiérrez Journal: J Ren Nutr Date: 2014-01 Impact factor: 3.655
Authors: Sherri -Ann M Burnett; Samantha C Gunawardene; F Richard Bringhurst; Harald Jüppner; Hang Lee; Joel S Finkelstein Journal: J Bone Miner Res Date: 2006-08 Impact factor: 6.741
Authors: Corinne E Camalier; Ming Yi; Li-Rong Yu; Brian L Hood; Kelly A Conrads; Young Jae Lee; Yiming Lin; Laura M Garneys; Gary F Bouloux; Matthew R Young; Timothy D Veenstra; Robert M Stephens; Nancy H Colburn; Thomas P Conrads; George R Beck Journal: J Cell Physiol Date: 2013-07 Impact factor: 6.384
Authors: S J Silverberg; E Shane; T L Clemens; D W Dempster; G V Segre; R Lindsay; J P Bilezikian Journal: J Bone Miner Res Date: 1986-08 Impact factor: 6.741
Authors: Colby J Vorland; Elizabeth R Stremke; Ranjani N Moorthi; Kathleen M Hill Gallant Journal: Curr Osteoporos Rep Date: 2017-10 Impact factor: 5.096
Authors: Orlando M Gutiérrez; Anna K Porter; Manjula Viggeswarapu; Joseph L Roberts; George R Beck Journal: J Nutr Biochem Date: 2020-03-19 Impact factor: 6.048
Authors: David E St-Jules; Ram Jagannathan; Lisa Gutekunst; Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh; Mary Ann Sevick Journal: J Ren Nutr Date: 2016-10-31 Impact factor: 3.655
Authors: Alex R Chang; Edgar R Miller; Cheryl A Anderson; Stephen P Juraschek; Melissa Moser; Karen White; Bobbie Henry; Caitlin Krekel; Susan Oh; Jeanne Charleston; Lawrence J Appel Journal: Am J Kidney Dis Date: 2016-11-16 Impact factor: 8.860
Authors: Junichi Ishigami; Bernard G Jaar; Casey M Rebholz; Morgan E Grams; Erin D Michos; Myles Wolf; Csaba P Kovesdy; Shinichi Uchida; Josef Coresh; Pamela L Lutsey; Kunihiro Matsushita Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2017-12-01 Impact factor: 5.958