Kathryn E Callahan1,2, James F Lovato3, Michael E Miller3, Doug Easterling4, Beth Snitz5, Jeff D Williamson1,2. 1. Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. 2. Sticht Center on Aging, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. 3. Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. 4. Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. 5. Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a condition not previously explored as a risk factor, have more hospitalizations and 30-day readmissions than those with normal cognition. DESIGN: Post hoc analysis of prospectively gathered data on incident hospitalization and readmission from the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study (GEMS), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to assess the effect of Ginkgo biloba on incidence of dementia. SETTING:GEMS was conducted in five academic medical centers in the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling adults aged 75 and older with normal cognition (n = 2,314) or MCI (n = 428) at baseline cognitive testing (N = 2,742). MEASUREMENTS: Index hospitalization and 30-day hospital readmission, adjusted for age, sex, race, education, clinic site, trial assignment status, comorbidities, number of prescription medications, and living with an identified proxy. RESULTS:MCI was associated with a 17% greater risk of index hospitalization than normal cognition (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.34)). In participants who lived with a proxy, MCI was associated with a 39% greater risk of index hospitalization (aHR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.17-1.66). Baseline MCI was not associated with greater odds of 30-day hospital readmission (adjusted odds ratio = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.60-1.36). CONCLUSION:MCI may represent a target condition for healthcare providers to coordinate support services in an effort to reduce hospitalization and subsequent disability.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a condition not previously explored as a risk factor, have more hospitalizations and 30-day readmissions than those with normal cognition. DESIGN: Post hoc analysis of prospectively gathered data on incident hospitalization and readmission from the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study (GEMS), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to assess the effect of Ginkgo biloba on incidence of dementia. SETTING: GEMS was conducted in five academic medical centers in the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling adults aged 75 and older with normal cognition (n = 2,314) or MCI (n = 428) at baseline cognitive testing (N = 2,742). MEASUREMENTS: Index hospitalization and 30-day hospital readmission, adjusted for age, sex, race, education, clinic site, trial assignment status, comorbidities, number of prescription medications, and living with an identified proxy. RESULTS: MCI was associated with a 17% greater risk of index hospitalization than normal cognition (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.34)). In participants who lived with a proxy, MCI was associated with a 39% greater risk of index hospitalization (aHR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.17-1.66). Baseline MCI was not associated with greater odds of 30-day hospital readmission (adjusted odds ratio = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.60-1.36). CONCLUSION: MCI may represent a target condition for healthcare providers to coordinate support services in an effort to reduce hospitalization and subsequent disability.
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