BACKGROUND: Recent autopsy data suggests a high incidence of leptomeningeal metastases (LM), Acta Neuropathologica 2014; 128: 573 and subventricular spread (SVS), Acta Neuropathologica 2014; 127: 605 in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas, but both LM and SVS also occur in adult glioblastoma (GBM). Autopsy is required to fully appreciate this tumor behavior. METHODS: From January 1, 2014 to January 3, 2015 we conducted 239 adult autopsies, 8 of which were identified on search to be GBMs. RESULTS: Of these 8 GBMs, one-half showed bulky spread (SVS (n = 2), LM (n = 2), bone marrow (n = 1)), and 2 of these 4 additionally had microscopic LM. In patient 1 GBM with a very minor epithelioid component on the surgical specimen spread evolved to a predominantly epithelioid GBM (E-GBM) phenotype in the clinically-unsuspected LM at autopsy. Patient 2, with malignant glioma with primitive neuroectodermal tumor (MGPNET), had a secondary GBM with a noncanonical isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation and 11-year-survival; autopsy showed encasement of the entire bilateral ventricular system by SVS. Patient 3, also with an IDH1- positive secondary GBM, had survived 10 years, only to develop thrombocytopenia and succumb to extensive bone marrow replacement by his tumor. Patient 4 had a radiation-induced posterior fossa GBM that demonstrated LM/SVS spread pattern identical to that described in pediatric diffuse pontine gliomas. CONCLUSIONS: Several subtypes of adult GBM (MG-PNET, posterior fossa GBMs, E-GBMs) have recently been recognized to have a propensity for LM; autopsy permission should especially be sought for these tumor types. Correlation between genetics and LM/SVS is now possible and may shed further light on this behavior.
BACKGROUND: Recent autopsy data suggests a high incidence of leptomeningeal metastases (LM), Acta Neuropathologica 2014; 128: 573 and subventricular spread (SVS), Acta Neuropathologica 2014; 127: 605 in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas, but both LM and SVS also occur in adult glioblastoma (GBM). Autopsy is required to fully appreciate this tumor behavior. METHODS: From January 1, 2014 to January 3, 2015 we conducted 239 adult autopsies, 8 of which were identified on search to be GBMs. RESULTS: Of these 8 GBMs, one-half showed bulky spread (SVS (n = 2), LM (n = 2), bone marrow (n = 1)), and 2 of these 4 additionally had microscopic LM. In patient 1 GBM with a very minor epithelioid component on the surgical specimen spread evolved to a predominantly epithelioid GBM (E-GBM) phenotype in the clinically-unsuspected LM at autopsy. Patient 2, with malignant glioma with primitive neuroectodermal tumor (MGPNET), had a secondary GBM with a noncanonical isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation and 11-year-survival; autopsy showed encasement of the entire bilateral ventricular system by SVS. Patient 3, also with an IDH1- positive secondary GBM, had survived 10 years, only to develop thrombocytopenia and succumb to extensive bone marrow replacement by his tumor. Patient 4 had a radiation-induced posterior fossa GBM that demonstrated LM/SVS spread pattern identical to that described in pediatric diffuse pontine gliomas. CONCLUSIONS: Several subtypes of adult GBM (MG-PNET, posterior fossa GBMs, E-GBMs) have recently been recognized to have a propensity for LM; autopsy permission should especially be sought for these tumor types. Correlation between genetics and LM/SVS is now possible and may shed further light on this behavior.
Authors: Shelei Pan; Dezhuang Ye; Yimei Yue; Lihua Yang; Christopher P Pacia; Dakota DeFreitas; Prabagaran Esakky; Sonika Dahiya; David D Limbrick; Joshua B Rubin; Hong Chen; Jennifer M Strahle Journal: Neurooncol Adv Date: 2022-04-26
Authors: Michael R Drumm; Karan S Dixit; Sean Grimm; Priya Kumthekar; Rimas V Lukas; Jeffrey J Raizer; Roger Stupp; Milan G Chheda; Kwok-Ling Kam; Matthew McCord; Sean Sachdev; Timothy Kruser; Alicia Steffens; Rodrigo Javier; Kathleen McCortney; Craig Horbinski Journal: Neuro Oncol Date: 2020-04-15 Impact factor: 12.300
Authors: Ángela Fontán-Lozano; Sara Morcuende; Mª América Davis-López de Carrizosa; Beatriz Benítez-Temiño; Rebeca Mejías; Esperanza R Matarredona Journal: Front Oncol Date: 2020-11-27 Impact factor: 6.244
Authors: Jamison Beiriger; Ahmed Habib; Nicolina Jovanovich; Chowdari V Kodavali; Lincoln Edwards; Nduka Amankulor; Pascal O Zinn Journal: Front Oncol Date: 2022-03-10 Impact factor: 6.244