Angela Guerra1,2, Giuseppina Folesani3, Antonio Nouvenne1,2, Andrea Ticinesi1,2, Franca Allegri1,2, Silvana Pinelli1, Beatrice Prati2, Ilaria Morelli2, Loredana Guida2, Rosalia Aloe4, Tiziana Meschi1,2. 1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy. 2. Internal Medicine and Critical Subacute Care Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy. 3. Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), CERT-Research Center, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy. giuseppina.folesani@unipr.it. 4. Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the contribution of family history of stones (FHS), up to second-degree relatives, on clinical course (age of first renal colic, bilateral disease, retained calculi, recurrences, urological procedures) of idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis (ICN) and urinary parameters of lithogenic risk, a case-control study was carried out. METHOD: Clinical records of 2080 patients with ICN were evaluated and categorized according to FHS. Data about clinical course of disease and urinary parameters of lithogenic risk were collected. Student's t, Chi square tests and binary logistic regression were applied to discriminate groups with vs. without FHS. RESULTS: FHS was associated with an earlier onset of stone disease (age at first episode 32 ± 13 vs. 37 ± 15 years, p <0.001), particularly in females. After adjustment for multiple covariates, FHS was significantly associated to a higher risk of recurrence [odds ratio (OR) 1.2, 95 % confidence interval (1.1-1.4), p = 0.04], retained stones [OR 1.3, CI (1.1-1.5), p = 0.004], bilateral stones [OR 1.2, 95 % CI (1.1-1.5), p = 0.022] and urological procedures [OR 1.2, 95 % CI (1.1-1.5), p = 0.034]. FHS did not influence urinary parameters of lithogenic risk, except for calcium excretion in females. CONCLUSION: A positive family history influences the clinical course of ICN with some significant gender-related differences, substantially irrespective of urinary parameters of lithogenic risk.
AIM: To evaluate the contribution of family history of stones (FHS), up to second-degree relatives, on clinical course (age of first renal colic, bilateral disease, retained calculi, recurrences, urological procedures) of idiopathic calciumnephrolithiasis (ICN) and urinary parameters of lithogenic risk, a case-control study was carried out. METHOD: Clinical records of 2080 patients with ICN were evaluated and categorized according to FHS. Data about clinical course of disease and urinary parameters of lithogenic risk were collected. Student's t, Chi square tests and binary logistic regression were applied to discriminate groups with vs. without FHS. RESULTS: FHS was associated with an earlier onset of stone disease (age at first episode 32 ± 13 vs. 37 ± 15 years, p <0.001), particularly in females. After adjustment for multiple covariates, FHS was significantly associated to a higher risk of recurrence [odds ratio (OR) 1.2, 95 % confidence interval (1.1-1.4), p = 0.04], retained stones [OR 1.3, CI (1.1-1.5), p = 0.004], bilateral stones [OR 1.2, 95 % CI (1.1-1.5), p = 0.022] and urological procedures [OR 1.2, 95 % CI (1.1-1.5), p = 0.034]. FHS did not influence urinary parameters of lithogenic risk, except for calcium excretion in females. CONCLUSION: A positive family history influences the clinical course of ICN with some significant gender-related differences, substantially irrespective of urinary parameters of lithogenic risk.
Entities:
Keywords:
Family history of kidney stones; First episode of kidney stones; Idiophatic calcium nephrolithiasis; Kidney stones
Authors: Antonio Nouvenne; Andrea Ticinesi; Angela Guerra; Giuseppina Folesani; Franca Allegri; Silvana Pinelli; Paolo Baroni; Mario Pedrazzoni; Giuseppe Lippi; Annalisa Terranegra; Elena Dogliotti; Laura Soldati; Loris Borghi; Tiziana Meschi Journal: J Transl Med Date: 2013-10-07 Impact factor: 5.531