Chee Y Ooi1,2, Tamara Pang3, Steven T Leach4, Tamarah Katz5, Andrew S Day6, Adam Jaffe7,8. 1. Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, University of New South Wales, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia. keith.ooi@unsw.edu.au. 2. Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia. keith.ooi@unsw.edu.au. 3. Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, University of New South Wales, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia. tamarapangmp@gmail.com. 4. Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, University of New South Wales, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia. steven.leach@sesiahs.health.nsw.gov.au. 5. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia. Tamarah.Katz@sesiahs.health.nsw.gov.au. 6. Department of Paediatrics, Christchurch Hospital, University of Otago, Christchurch, 4710, New Zealand. andrew.day@otago.ac.nz. 7. Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, University of New South Wales, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia. a.jaffe@unsw.edu.au. 8. Department of Paediatric Respiratory, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia. a.jaffe@unsw.edu.au.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Defects in bacterial host defenses in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways have been extensively investigated, but the role of the intestinal innate immune system in CF is unknown. Human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2) is an antimicrobial protein produced by epithelial surfaces and upregulated by inflammation. Its expression in the CF intestine is unknown. AIM: To determine whether HBD-2 was present in the feces of patients with CF, and to compare fecal HBD-2 levels between CF and healthy controls (HC). To compare fecal HBD-2 levels in inflamed and noninflamed states, as measured by fecal calprotectin, as a secondary aim. METHODS: Feces from children with CF and HC were collected for analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-three CF patients and 33 HC were recruited. All CF patients had detectable fecal HBD-2. There was no difference between fecal HBD-2 in CF and HC (median (IQR) 49.1 (19.7-77.2) versus 43.4 (26.5-71.9) ng/g; P = 0.7). Fecal calprotectin was significantly higher in the CF cohort than in HC (median (IQR) 61.3 (43.8-143.8) versus 19.5 (19.5-35.1) mg/kg; P < 0.0001). There was no difference in fecal HBD-2 levels between CF subjects with fecal calprotectin ≥50 mg/kg and <50 mg/kg (50.5 (19.6-80.2) versus 43.0 (19.0-70.4); P = 0.7). There was no correlation between fecal HBD-2 and calprotectin in CF (r = 0.14; P = 0.4). CONCLUSION: Fecal HBD-2 levels were not increased in children with CF, in inflamed or noninflamed states. The lack of HBD-2 induction and upregulation under inflammatory conditions may suggest a diminished intestinal innate immune response in CF.
BACKGROUND: Defects in bacterial host defenses in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways have been extensively investigated, but the role of the intestinal innate immune system in CF is unknown. Human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2) is an antimicrobial protein produced by epithelial surfaces and upregulated by inflammation. Its expression in the CF intestine is unknown. AIM: To determine whether HBD-2 was present in the feces of patients with CF, and to compare fecal HBD-2 levels between CF and healthy controls (HC). To compare fecal HBD-2 levels in inflamed and noninflamed states, as measured by fecal calprotectin, as a secondary aim. METHODS: Feces from children with CF and HC were collected for analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-three CF patients and 33 HC were recruited. All CF patients had detectable fecal HBD-2. There was no difference between fecal HBD-2 in CF and HC (median (IQR) 49.1 (19.7-77.2) versus 43.4 (26.5-71.9) ng/g; P = 0.7). Fecal calprotectin was significantly higher in the CF cohort than in HC (median (IQR) 61.3 (43.8-143.8) versus 19.5 (19.5-35.1) mg/kg; P < 0.0001). There was no difference in fecal HBD-2 levels between CF subjects with fecal calprotectin ≥50 mg/kg and <50 mg/kg (50.5 (19.6-80.2) versus 43.0 (19.0-70.4); P = 0.7). There was no correlation between fecal HBD-2 and calprotectin in CF (r = 0.14; P = 0.4). CONCLUSION: Fecal HBD-2 levels were not increased in children with CF, in inflamed or noninflamed states. The lack of HBD-2 induction and upregulation under inflammatory conditions may suggest a diminished intestinal innate immune response in CF.
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Authors: Michael J Coffey; Ivan Low; Sacha Stelzer-Braid; Bernd Wemheuer; Millie Garg; Torsten Thomas; Adam Jaffe; William D Rawlinson; Chee Y Ooi Journal: PLoS One Date: 2020-05-22 Impact factor: 3.240
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Authors: Michael J Coffey; Isabelle R McKay; Michael Doumit; Sandra Chuang; Susan Adams; Sacha Stelzer-Braid; Shafagh A Waters; Nadine A Kasparian; Torsten Thomas; Adam Jaffe; Tamarah Katz; Chee Y Ooi Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2020-04-14 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Sonia Laneri; Mariarita Brancaccio; Cristina Mennitti; Margherita G De Biasi; Maria Elena Pero; Giuseppe Pisanelli; Olga Scudiero; Raffaela Pero Journal: Microorganisms Date: 2021-06-30