Lance C Visser1, Brian A Scansen2, Nicole V Brown3, Karsten E Schober1, John D Bonagura1. 1. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon Tharp Street, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. 2. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon Tharp Street, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Electronic address: scansen.2@osu.edu. 3. Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, 2012 Kenny Road, Columbus, OH 43221, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To quantify drug-induced changes in right ventricular (RV) systolic function after administration of pimobendan and atenolol. ANIMALS: 80 healthy privately-owned dogs. METHODS: Using a prospective, blinded, fully-crossed study design with randomized drug administration, RV systolic function was determined twice at two time periods; before and 3 h after administration of pimobendan (0.25 mg/kg PO) or atenolol (1 mg/kg PO). Indices of RV systolic function included tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC), pulsed-wave tissue Doppler-derived systolic myocardial velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus (S'), and speckle-tracking-derived global longitudinal RV free wall strain and strain rate. The effect of treatment on percent change from baseline RV function was analyzed with a linear mixed model including the covariates heart rate, body weight, age, gender, drug sequence, and time period. RESULTS: All indices showed a significant (p < 0.0001) increase and decrease from baseline following pimobendan and atenolol, respectively. Significant differences from baseline were attributed to drug treatment (p < 0.0001); whereas, effects of other covariates were not significant. The greatest percent changes, but also highest variability, were observed for S' and strain rate (p < 0.0001). Post-atenolol, a significantly greater proportion of dogs exceeded the repeatability coefficient of variation for FAC and S' compared to TAPSE (p ≤ 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Echocardiographic indices in healthy dogs tracked expected changes in RV systolic function following pimobendan and atenolol and warrant study in dogs with cardiovascular disease.
OBJECTIVE: To quantify drug-induced changes in right ventricular (RV) systolic function after administration of pimobendan and atenolol. ANIMALS: 80 healthy privately-owned dogs. METHODS: Using a prospective, blinded, fully-crossed study design with randomized drug administration, RV systolic function was determined twice at two time periods; before and 3 h after administration of pimobendan (0.25 mg/kg PO) or atenolol (1 mg/kg PO). Indices of RV systolic function included tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC), pulsed-wave tissue Doppler-derived systolic myocardial velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus (S'), and speckle-tracking-derived global longitudinal RV free wall strain and strain rate. The effect of treatment on percent change from baseline RV function was analyzed with a linear mixed model including the covariates heart rate, body weight, age, gender, drug sequence, and time period. RESULTS: All indices showed a significant (p < 0.0001) increase and decrease from baseline following pimobendan and atenolol, respectively. Significant differences from baseline were attributed to drug treatment (p < 0.0001); whereas, effects of other covariates were not significant. The greatest percent changes, but also highest variability, were observed for S' and strain rate (p < 0.0001). Post-atenolol, a significantly greater proportion of dogs exceeded the repeatability coefficient of variation for FAC and S' compared to TAPSE (p ≤ 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Echocardiographic indices in healthy dogs tracked expected changes in RV systolic function following pimobendan and atenolol and warrant study in dogs with cardiovascular disease.
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