Amandine Pelletier1, Christine Barul1, Catherine Féart1, Catherine Helmer1, Charlotte Bernard2, Olivier Periot3, Bixente Dilharreguy2, Jean-François Dartigues1, Michèle Allard4, Pascale Barberger-Gateau1, Gwénaëlle Catheline5, Cécilia Samieri6. 1. Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. 2. Univ. Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. 3. Univ. Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. 4. Univ. Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; EPHE, Laboratoire Neurobiologie Intégrative et Adaptative, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. 5. Univ. Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; EPHE, Laboratoire Neurobiologie Intégrative et Adaptative, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. 6. Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: Cecilia.Samieri@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The Mediterranean diet (MeDi) has been related to a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease; yet, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We hypothesized that protection against neurodegeneration would translate into higher gray matter volumes, whereas a specific association with preserved white matter microstructure would suggest alternative mechanisms (e.g., vascular pathways). METHODS: We included 146 participants from the Bordeaux Three-City study nondemented when they completed a dietary questionnaire and who underwent a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging at an average of 9 years later, including diffusion tensor imaging. RESULTS: In multivariate voxel-by-voxel analyses, adherence to the MeDi was significantly associated with preserved white matter microstructure in extensive areas, a gain in structural connectivity that was related to strong cognitive benefits. In contrast, we found no relation with gray matter volumes. DISCUSSION: The MeDi appears to benefit brain health through preservation of structural connectivity. Potential mediation by a favorable impact on brain vasculature deserves further research.
INTRODUCTION: The Mediterranean diet (MeDi) has been related to a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease; yet, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We hypothesized that protection against neurodegeneration would translate into higher gray matter volumes, whereas a specific association with preserved white matter microstructure would suggest alternative mechanisms (e.g., vascular pathways). METHODS: We included 146 participants from the Bordeaux Three-City study nondemented when they completed a dietary questionnaire and who underwent a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging at an average of 9 years later, including diffusion tensor imaging. RESULTS: In multivariate voxel-by-voxel analyses, adherence to the MeDi was significantly associated with preserved white matter microstructure in extensive areas, a gain in structural connectivity that was related to strong cognitive benefits. In contrast, we found no relation with gray matter volumes. DISCUSSION: The MeDi appears to benefit brain health through preservation of structural connectivity. Potential mediation by a favorable impact on brain vasculature deserves further research.
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