No Association of ApoE Genotype with Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies found that low total cholesterol level was associated with a lower risk of high-grade prostate cancer. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) isoform is associated with total cholesterol level. The aim of this study was to explore associations of ApoE isoforms with prostate cancer risk.
METHODS: We assessed ApoE genotypes and risk of prostate cancer in a prospective case-control study nested among men who provided a blood sample in 1993-95 within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We identified 1,169 incident cases of prostate cancer and 1,233 controls in follow-up through 2004. Associations of ApoE isoform and prostate cancer incidence were evaluated by logistic regression models.
RESULTS: We found no statistically significant associations of ApoE variants with overall prostate cancer or Gleason sum ≤ 7 (3+4), Gleason sum ≥ 7 (4+3), clinically localized stage, or progression to metastasis or death. There was no evidence of effect modification by circulating total cholesterol or use of cholesterol-lowering drugs prior to diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS: ApoE variants were not associated with the risk of prostate cancer or aggressive disease. IMPACT: Our findings suggest that the mechanism of circulating cholesterol level affecting prostate cancer incidence may not rely on ApoE isoforms. ©2015 American Association for Cancer Research.