Ashley S Fulton1, Alison M Hill1, Marie T Williams1, Peter R C Howe1, Alison M Coates2. 1. A.S. Fulton and A.M. Coates are with the School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.T. Williams is with the School of Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. P.R.C. Howe is with the Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia. A.M. Hill is with the School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. A.S. Fulton, A.M. Hill, M.T. Williams, P.R.C. Howe, and A.M. Coates are with the Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. 2. A.S. Fulton and A.M. Coates are with the School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.T. Williams is with the School of Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. P.R.C. Howe is with the Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia. A.M. Hill is with the School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. A.S. Fulton, A.M. Hill, M.T. Williams, P.R.C. Howe, and A.M. Coates are with the Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. alison.coates@unisa.edu.au.
Abstract
CONTEXT: The anti-inflammatory activity of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been established in several chronic inflammatory diseases but has yet to be demonstrated in inflammatory lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate, using PRISMA guidelines, the relationship between the intake of long-chain n-3 PUFAs and the prevalence, severity, and health outcomes of COPD. DATA SOURCES: Eight health databases and the World Health Organization's international clinical trial registry were searched for relevant studies. STUDY SELECTION: Experimental or observational studies that were published in English and that assessed long-chain n-3 PUFA intake (by determining habitual consumption and/or tissue levels) in adults with COPD were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Publication demographics, participant characteristics, type of intervention or exposure, long-chain n-3 PUFA intake, pulmonary function, COPD mortality, and COPD severity were independently extracted from each article by 2 authors using a prospectively designed data extraction tool. DATA SYNTHESIS: All 11 of the studies included in the review were observational. Approximately equal numbers of studies reported significant (n = 6, 5 inverse) relationships or no significant relationships (n = 5) between either consumption of long-chain n-3 PUFAs or levels of long-chain n-3 PUFAS in tissue and a COPD outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence of a relationship between long-chain n-3 PUFA intake and COPD is limited and conflicting, with studies having wide methodological variation. REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO 2013:CRD42013004085.
CONTEXT: The anti-inflammatory activity of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been established in several chronic inflammatory diseases but has yet to be demonstrated in inflammatory lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate, using PRISMA guidelines, the relationship between the intake of long-chain n-3 PUFAs and the prevalence, severity, and health outcomes of COPD. DATA SOURCES: Eight health databases and the World Health Organization's international clinical trial registry were searched for relevant studies. STUDY SELECTION: Experimental or observational studies that were published in English and that assessed long-chain n-3 PUFA intake (by determining habitual consumption and/or tissue levels) in adults with COPD were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Publication demographics, participant characteristics, type of intervention or exposure, long-chain n-3 PUFA intake, pulmonary function, COPD mortality, and COPD severity were independently extracted from each article by 2 authors using a prospectively designed data extraction tool. DATA SYNTHESIS: All 11 of the studies included in the review were observational. Approximately equal numbers of studies reported significant (n = 6, 5 inverse) relationships or no significant relationships (n = 5) between either consumption of long-chain n-3 PUFAs or levels of long-chain n-3 PUFAS in tissue and a COPD outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence of a relationship between long-chain n-3 PUFA intake and COPD is limited and conflicting, with studies having wide methodological variation. REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO 2013:CRD42013004085.
Authors: Heidi Tm Lai; Marcia C de Oliveira Otto; Rozenn N Lemaitre; Barbara McKnight; Xiaoling Song; Irena B King; Paulo Hm Chaves; Michelle C Odden; Anne B Newman; David S Siscovick; Dariush Mozaffarian Journal: BMJ Date: 2018-10-17