| Literature DB >> 26154549 |
Nicole Silva Bevilacqua1, Denise Araujo Lapa Pedreira1.
Abstract
Meningomyelocele is a malformation with high prevalence, and one of its main comorbidities is Arnold-Chiari malformation type II. The intrauterine repair of this defect has been studied to reduce the progressive spinal cord damage during gestation. The purpose of the present review was to describe the evolution of fetal surgery for meningomyelocele repair. Searches on PubMed database were conducted including articles published in the last 10 years. Twenty-seven articles were selected, 16 experimental studies and 11 studies in humans. A recent study demonstrated that the fetal correction results in better prognosis of neurological and psychomotor development, but open surgery, which has being used widely, has considerable maternal risks. Studies in animal and human models show that the endoscopic approach is feasible and leads to lower maternal morbidity rates. Two endoscopic techniques are currently under assessment - one in Germany and another in Brazil, and we believe that the endoscopic approach will be the future technique for prenatal repair of this defect.Entities:
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Year: 2015 PMID: 26154549 PMCID: PMC4943825 DOI: 10.1590/S1679-45082015RW3032
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Einstein (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 1679-4508
Figure 1Concentric diagram of the 78 articles primarily selected. The majority were non-randomized human studies (approximately 58.6%) and experimental studies (36%), with few articles related to legal aspects and the randomized study Management of myelomeningocele Study. Most articles covered the endoscopic approach
Articles published between 2003 and 2013 on techniques for repair of myelomeningocele-like defects in sheep fetuses
| N | Authors | Year of publication | Title | Repair method | Interface used | Number of cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Herrera et al.(8) | 2012 | Comparison between two surgical techniques for prenatal correction of meningomyelocele in sheep | Classical neurosurgical repair Approximation of skin edges and suture on the interface | NU Bionext® Integra® | 3 |
| 3 | ||||||
| 2 | Kohl et al.(10) | 2003 | Percutaneous fetoscopic patch coverage of experimental lumbosacral full-thickness skin lesions in sheep | Approximation of skin edges and suture on the interface | Nonabsorbable PTFE Collagen | 5 |
| 5 | ||||||
| 3 | Yoshizawa et al.(11) | 2004 | Fetal surgery for repair of myelomeningocele allows normal development of anal sphincter muscles in sheep | Classical neurosurgical repair Coverage with the interface, sutureless | NU AlloDerm® or GORE-TEX® | 4 |
| 4 | ||||||
| 4 | Fauza et al.(12) | 2008 | Neural stem cell delivery to the spinal cord in an ovine model of fetal surgery for spina bifida | Coverage with the interface sutured to the skin Coverage with the interface sutured to the skin with delivery of neural stem cells | AlloDerm® | 7 |
| 9 | ||||||
| 5 | Eggink et al.(13) | 2005 | In utero repair of an experimental neural tube defect in a chronic sheep model using biomatrices | Coverage with the interface sutured to the skin Only skin suture Coverage with the interface sutured to the skin | Collagen UMC Biomatrix® NU SIS Biomatrix® | 4 |
| 3 | ||||||
| 5 | ||||||
| 6 | von Koch et al.(14) | 2005 | Myelomeningocele: characterization of a surgically induced sheep model and its central nervous system similarities and differences to the human disease | Direct application of BioGlue® BioGlue® + interface with corner stitches Classical neurosurgical repair | NU DuraGen® NU | 2 |
| 1 | ||||||
| 1 | ||||||
| 7 | Fontecha et al.(15) | 2009 | Inert patch with bioadhesive for gentle fetal surgery of myelomeningocele in a sheep model | Coverage with an interface closed with bioadhesive | Silastic® Silastic® + Marlex Mesh® | 8 |
| 6 | ||||||
| 8 | Fontecha et al.(16) | 2011 | Fetoscopic coverage of experimental myelomeningocele in sheep using a patch with surgical sealant | Coverage with an interface closed with bioadhesive | Silastic® | 9 |
| 9 | Saadai et al.(18) | 2011 | Prenatal repair of myelomeningocele with aligned nanofibrous scaffolds-a pilot study in sheep | Approximation of skin edges and suture on the interface | Scaffolds | 2 |
PTFE: polytetrafluoroethylene; NU: not used; UMC: biodegradable matrix; SIS: small intestinal submucosa.
Figure 2Side effects studies MOMS
Figure 3Illustration of the endoscopic technique for myelomeningocele repair, developed by Pedreira et al.(
Figura 1Diagrama concêntrico dos 78 artigos primariamente selecionados. Observa-se o predomínio de estudos em humanos não randomizados (aproximadamente 58,6%) e de estudo experimentais (36%), com poucos artigos relacionados à discussão legal e ao estudo randomizado Management of Myelomeningocele Study. Destacam-se os artigos relacionados à abordagem endoscópica
Artigos publicados entre 2003 e 2013 sobre técnica de correção de defeitos semelhantes à meningomielocele em feto de ovino
| N | Autores | Ano de publicação | Título | Método de correção | Interface utilizada | Número de casos |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Herrera et al.( | 2012 |
| Correção clássica neurocirúrgica Bordas da pele aproximadas e suturadas sobre a interface | NU Bionext® Integra® | 3 |
| 3 | ||||||
| 2 | Kohl et al.( | 2003 |
| Bordas da pele aproximadas e suturadas sobre a interface | PTFE não absorvível Collagen | 5 |
| 5 | ||||||
| 3 | Yoshizawa etal.(11) | 2004 |
| Correção clássica neurocirúrgica Cobertura com a interface, sem sutura | NU AlloDerm® or GORE-TEX® | 4 |
| 4 | ||||||
| 4 | Fauza et al.( | 2008 |
| Cobertura com a interface suturada à pele Cobertura com a interface suturada à pele adicionando-se célula-tronco neural | AlloDerm® | 7 |
| 9 | ||||||
| 5 | Eggink et al.( | 2005 |
| Cobertura com a interface suturada à pele Apenas sutura de pele Cobertura com a interface suturada à pele | Collagen UMC Biomatrix® NU SIS Biomatrix® | 4 |
| 3 | ||||||
| 5 | ||||||
| 6 | von Koch et al.( | 2005 |
| Aplicação direta de BioGlue®BioGlue® + interface com pontos nos cantos Correção clássica neurocirúrgica | NU DuraGen®NU | 2 |
| 1 | ||||||
| 1 | ||||||
| 7 | Fontecha et al.( | 2009 |
| Cobertura com interface fechada por bioadesivo | Silastic® Silastic® + Marlex Mesh® | 8 |
| 6 | ||||||
| 8 | Fontecha et al.( | 2011 |
| Cobertura com interface fechada por bioadesivo | Silastic® | 9 |
| 9 | Saadai et al.( | 2011 |
| Bordas da pele aproximadas e suturadas sobre a interface | Scaffolds | 2 |
PTFE: politetrafluoretileno; NU: não utilizado; UMC: matriz biodegradável; SIS: submucosa de intestino delgado.
Figura 2Efeitos secundários estudos MOMS
Gráfico elaborado a partir dos dados do estudo Management of Myelomeningocele Study ( mostra redução expressiva de casos com malformação de Arnold-Chiari II bem como menores taxas de derivação ventrículo-peritoneal em crianças submetidas à correção fetal da meningomielocele (64 e 40%, respectivamente), quando comparadas à cirurgia pós-natal (96 e 82%, respectivamente). Esse mesmo grupo apresentou o dobro de chance de deambular (42%), em comparação aos neonatos corrigidos após o nascimento (21%). Em contraste, observou-se maior prematuridade no grupo de cirurgia fetal.
Figura 3Ilustração da técnica endoscópica para correção da meningomielocele, desenvolvida por Pedreira et al.(