An in-depth analysis of male adolescent smokeless tobacco users: interviews with users and their fathers.

Male adolescent smokeless tobacco (ST) users (N = 191) were extensively interviewed, then followed over a 6-month period with monthly telephone interviews. In addition, their fathers (N = 137) were interviewed by telephone. Based on these data, ST use appears similar to cigarette smoking with respect to onset, patterns of use, social influences, attempts to quit, and indications of addiction. Onset and continued use of ST largely occur in a social context. Parents are reportedly aware (73%) of their sons' ST use but appear tolerant. The great majority of S's (92%) believe that there is some health risk associated with ST use. Over half report noticing ST-related changes in their oral cavities, although their dentists generally had not discussed ST use with them. Over one-third of the current users report unsuccessful quit attempts. ST use appears to be part of a more general pattern of substance use, including marijuana and alcohol.