Sarah C Markt1, Alessandra Grotta2, Olof Nyren2, Hans-Olov Adami1,2, Lorelei A Mucci1,3, Unnur A Valdimarsdottir1,4, Pär Stattin5, Rino Bellocco2,6, Ylva Trolle Lagerros7. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA. 2. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 3. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 4. Centre of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. 5. Surgery and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden. 6. Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Unit of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy. 7. Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE: There are some data to suggest that insufficient sleep, including short sleep duration and sleep disruption, may be associated with an increased risk of cancer. We investigated the association between sleep duration and sleep disruption and risk of prostate cancer. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 14,041 men in the Swedish National March Cohort. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Habitual sleep duration and sleep disruption were self-reported in 1997. Prostate cancer diagnoses, including lethal (metastases at diagnosis or death from prostate cancer) and advanced (stage T4, N1, or M1 at diagnosis or death from prostate cancer), were determined from linkage to nationwide cancer registries through 2010. We conducted Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for potential confounding variables. During 13 years of follow-up, we identified 785 cases of incident prostate cancer, including 118 lethal and 127 advanced cases. Four percent of men reported sleeping 5 h or less a night, and 2% reported sleeping 9 h or more per night. We found no association between sleep duration and risk of prostate cancer overall or for advanced/lethal disease. We also did not find an association between prostate cancer and sleep disruption, as defined by difficulty falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, sleep quality, and restorative power of sleep. CONCLUSIONS: In this large prospective study from Sweden, we found no association between habitual sleep duration or sleep disruption and risk of prostate cancer.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: There are some data to suggest that insufficient sleep, including short sleep duration and sleep disruption, may be associated with an increased risk of cancer. We investigated the association between sleep duration and sleep disruption and risk of prostate cancer. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 14,041 men in the Swedish National March Cohort. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Habitual sleep duration and sleep disruption were self-reported in 1997. Prostate cancer diagnoses, including lethal (metastases at diagnosis or death from prostate cancer) and advanced (stage T4, N1, or M1 at diagnosis or death from prostate cancer), were determined from linkage to nationwide cancer registries through 2010. We conducted Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for potential confounding variables. During 13 years of follow-up, we identified 785 cases of incident prostate cancer, including 118 lethal and 127 advanced cases. Four percent of men reported sleeping 5 h or less a night, and 2% reported sleeping 9 h or more per night. We found no association between sleep duration and risk of prostate cancer overall or for advanced/lethal disease. We also did not find an association between prostate cancer and sleep disruption, as defined by difficulty falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, sleep quality, and restorative power of sleep. CONCLUSIONS: In this large prospective study from Sweden, we found no association between habitual sleep duration or sleep disruption and risk of prostate cancer.
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