Qian Zhang1, Eric J W Visser2, Hans de Kroon2, Heidrun Huber2. 1. Department of Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands qian.zhang@science.ru.nl. 2. Department of Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Flooding can occur at any stage of the life cycle of a plant, but often adaptive responses of plants are only studied at a single developmental stage. It may be anticipated that juvenile plants may respond differently from mature plants, as the amount of stored resources may differ and morphological changes can be constrained. Moreover, different water depths may require different strategies to cope with the flooding stress, the expression of which may also depend on developmental stage. This study investigated whether flooding-induced adventitious root formation and plant growth were affected by flooding depth in Solanum dulcamara plants at different developmental stages. METHODS: Juvenile plants without pre-formed adventitious root primordia and mature plants with primordia were subjected to shallow flooding or deep flooding for 5 weeks. Plant growth and the timing of adventitious root formation were monitored during the flooding treatments. KEY RESULTS: Adventitious root formation in response to shallow flooding was significantly constrained in juvenile S. dulcamara plants compared with mature plants, and was delayed by deep flooding compared with shallow flooding. Complete submergence suppressed adventitious root formation until up to 2 weeks after shoots restored contact with the atmosphere. Independent of developmental stage, a strong positive correlation was found between adventitious root formation and total biomass accumulation during shallow flooding. CONCLUSIONS: The potential to deploy an escape strategy (i.e. adventitious root formation) may change throughout a plant's life cycle, and is largely dependent on flooding depth. Adaptive responses at a given stage of the life cycle thus do not necessarily predict how the plant responds to flooding in another growth stage. As variation in adventitious root formation also correlates with finally attained biomass, this variation may form the basis for variation in resistance to shallow flooding among plants.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Flooding can occur at any stage of the life cycle of a plant, but often adaptive responses of plants are only studied at a single developmental stage. It may be anticipated that juvenile plants may respond differently from mature plants, as the amount of stored resources may differ and morphological changes can be constrained. Moreover, different water depths may require different strategies to cope with the flooding stress, the expression of which may also depend on developmental stage. This study investigated whether flooding-induced adventitious root formation and plant growth were affected by flooding depth in Solanum dulcamara plants at different developmental stages. METHODS: Juvenile plants without pre-formed adventitious root primordia and mature plants with primordia were subjected to shallow flooding or deep flooding for 5 weeks. Plant growth and the timing of adventitious root formation were monitored during the flooding treatments. KEY RESULTS: Adventitious root formation in response to shallow flooding was significantly constrained in juvenile S. dulcamara plants compared with mature plants, and was delayed by deep flooding compared with shallow flooding. Complete submergence suppressed adventitious root formation until up to 2 weeks after shoots restored contact with the atmosphere. Independent of developmental stage, a strong positive correlation was found between adventitious root formation and total biomass accumulation during shallow flooding. CONCLUSIONS: The potential to deploy an escape strategy (i.e. adventitious root formation) may change throughout a plant's life cycle, and is largely dependent on flooding depth. Adaptive responses at a given stage of the life cycle thus do not necessarily predict how the plant responds to flooding in another growth stage. As variation in adventitious root formation also correlates with finally attained biomass, this variation may form the basis for variation in resistance to shallow flooding among plants.
Authors: Xin Chen; Heidrun Huber; Hans de Kroon; Anton J M Peeters; Hendrik Poorter; Laurentius A C J Voesenek; Eric J W Visser Journal: Ann Bot Date: 2009-08-16 Impact factor: 4.357
Authors: Heidrun Huber; Xin Chen; Marloes Hendriks; Danny Keijsers; Laurentius A C J Voesenek; Ronald Pierik; Hendrik Poorter; Hans de Kroon; Eric J W Visser Journal: New Phytol Date: 2012-02-15 Impact factor: 10.151
Authors: Melis Akman; Amit V Bhikharie; Elizabeth H McLean; Alex Boonman; Eric J W Visser; M Eric Schranz; Peter H van Tienderen Journal: Ann Bot Date: 2012-04-11 Impact factor: 4.357
Authors: Qian Zhang; Heidrun Huber; Simone J M Beljaars; Diana Birnbaum; Sander de Best; Hans de Kroon; Eric J W Visser Journal: Ann Bot Date: 2017-07-01 Impact factor: 4.357
Authors: Duy Nguyen; Yvonne Poeschl; Tobias Lortzing; Rick Hoogveld; Andreas Gogol-Döring; Simona M Cristescu; Anke Steppuhn; Celestina Mariani; Ivo Rieu; Nicole M van Dam Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2018-12-03 Impact factor: 5.923