SnapShot: ADP-Ribosylation Signaling.

Intracellular protein ADP-ribosylation is catalyzed by diphteria toxin-like ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTDs, formerly PARPs) ("writers"), which use NAD(+) for the modification of different amino acids. While some ARTD members catalyze protein poly-ADP-ribosylation, most of them are mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases. ADP-ribosylation is recognized by protein domains ("readers") and reversed by different enzymes ("erasers"). ADP-ribosylation signaling regulates several key cellular processes during health and disease.