Bingfang Hu1, Yan Guo2, Wojciech G Garbacz3, Mengxi Jiang3, Meishu Xu3, Hai Huang4, Allan Tsung4, Timothy R Billiar4, Sadeesh K Ramakrishnan5, Yatrik M Shah5, Karen S L Lam6, Min Huang7, Wen Xie8. 1. Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. 2. Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 3. Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. 4. Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. 5. Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. 6. Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. 7. Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: huangmin@mail.sysu.edu.cn. 8. Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address: wex6@pitt.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been known as a mediator of inflammatory response in the macrophages and adipose tissue, but its hepatic function is poorly understood. The goal of this study is to investigate the role of FABP4 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), a clinical condition that involves both hypoxia and inflammation. METHODS: To examine the I/R regulation of FABP4, mice were subjected to I/R surgery before being measured for FABP4 gene expression. Both loss-of-function (by using a pharmacological FABP4 inhibitor) and gain-of-function (by adenoviral overexpression of FABP4) were used to determine the functional relevance of FABP4 expression and its regulation during I/R. To determine the hypoxia responsive regulation of FABP4, primary mouse hepatocytes were exposed to hypoxia. The FABP4 gene promoter was cloned and its regulation by hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was characterized by luciferase reporter gene, electrophoretic mobility shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS: We found that the hepatic expression of FABP4 was markedly induced by I/R. At the functional level, pharmacological inhibition of FABP4 alleviated the I/R injury, whereas adenoviral overexpression of FABP4 sensitized mice to I/R injury. We also showed that exposure of primary hepatocytes to hypoxia or transgenic overexpression of HIF-1α in the mouse liver was sufficient to induce the expression of FABP4. Our promoter analysis established FABP4 as a novel transcriptional target of HIF-1α. CONCLUSIONS: FABP4 is a hypoxia inducible gene that sensitizes mice to liver I/R injury. FABP4 may represent a novel therapeutic target, and FABP4 inhibitors may be used as therapeutic agents to manage hepatic I/R injury.
BACKGROUND & AIMS:Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been known as a mediator of inflammatory response in the macrophages and adipose tissue, but its hepatic function is poorly understood. The goal of this study is to investigate the role of FABP4 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), a clinical condition that involves both hypoxia and inflammation. METHODS: To examine the I/R regulation of FABP4, mice were subjected to I/R surgery before being measured for FABP4 gene expression. Both loss-of-function (by using a pharmacological FABP4 inhibitor) and gain-of-function (by adenoviral overexpression of FABP4) were used to determine the functional relevance of FABP4expression and its regulation during I/R. To determine the hypoxia responsive regulation of FABP4, primary mouse hepatocytes were exposed to hypoxia. The FABP4 gene promoter was cloned and its regulation by hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was characterized by luciferase reporter gene, electrophoretic mobility shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS: We found that the hepatic expression of FABP4 was markedly induced by I/R. At the functional level, pharmacological inhibition of FABP4 alleviated the I/R injury, whereas adenoviral overexpression of FABP4 sensitized mice to I/R injury. We also showed that exposure of primary hepatocytes to hypoxia or transgenic overexpression of HIF-1α in the mouse liver was sufficient to induce the expression of FABP4. Our promoter analysis established FABP4 as a novel transcriptional target of HIF-1α. CONCLUSIONS:FABP4 is a hypoxia inducible gene that sensitizes mice to liver I/R injury. FABP4 may represent a novel therapeutic target, and FABP4 inhibitors may be used as therapeutic agents to manage hepatic I/R injury.
Authors: Liza Makowski; Jeffrey B Boord; Kazuhisa Maeda; Vladimir R Babaev; K Teoman Uysal; Maureen A Morgan; Rex A Parker; Jill Suttles; Sergio Fazio; Gökhan S Hotamisligil; MacRae F Linton Journal: Nat Med Date: 2001-06 Impact factor: 53.440
Authors: Xiao Na Ge; Idil Bastan; Mythili Dileepan; Yana Greenberg; Sung Gil Ha; Kaylee A Steen; David A Bernlohr; Savita P Rao; P Sriramarao Journal: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Date: 2018-04-26 Impact factor: 5.464
Authors: Jason Hong; Douglas Arneson; Soban Umar; Gregoire Ruffenach; Christine M Cunningham; In Sook Ahn; Graciel Diamante; May Bhetraratana; John F Park; Emma Said; Caroline Huynh; Trixie Le; Lejla Medzikovic; Marc Humbert; Florent Soubrier; David Montani; Barbara Girerd; David-Alexandre Trégouët; Richard Channick; Rajan Saggar; Mansoureh Eghbali; Xia Yang Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2021-04-15 Impact factor: 21.405