Erica L Kenney1, Michael W Long1, Angie L Cradock1, Steven L Gortmaker1. 1. Erica L. Kenney, Michael W. Long, Angie L. Cradock, and Steven L. Gortmaker are with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the hydration status of US children and adolescents. METHODS: The sample included 4134 participants aged 6 to 19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 to 2012. We calculated mean urine osmolality and the proportion with inadequate hydration (urine osmolality > 800 mOsm/kg). We calculated multivariable regression models to estimate the associations between demographic factors, beverage intake, and hydration status. RESULTS: The prevalence of inadequate hydration was 54.5%. Significantly higher urine osmolality was observed among boys (+92.0 mOsm/kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 69.5, 114.6), non-Hispanic Blacks (+67.6 mOsm/kg; 95% CI = 31.5, 103.6), and younger children (+28.5 mOsm/kg; 95% CI = 8.1, 48.9) compared with girls, Whites, and older children, respectively. Boys (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.49, 2.07) and non-Hispanic Blacks (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.74) were also at significantly higher risk for inadequate hydration. An 8-fluid-ounce daily increase in water intake was associated with a significantly lower risk of inadequate hydration (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.93, 0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Future research should explore drivers of gender and racial/ethnic disparities and solutions for improving hydration status.
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the hydration status of US children and adolescents. METHODS: The sample included 4134 participants aged 6 to 19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 to 2012. We calculated mean urine osmolality and the proportion with inadequate hydration (urine osmolality > 800 mOsm/kg). We calculated multivariable regression models to estimate the associations between demographic factors, beverage intake, and hydration status. RESULTS: The prevalence of inadequate hydration was 54.5%. Significantly higher urine osmolality was observed among boys (+92.0 mOsm/kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 69.5, 114.6), non-Hispanic Blacks (+67.6 mOsm/kg; 95% CI = 31.5, 103.6), and younger children (+28.5 mOsm/kg; 95% CI = 8.1, 48.9) compared with girls, Whites, and older children, respectively. Boys (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.49, 2.07) and non-Hispanic Blacks (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.74) were also at significantly higher risk for inadequate hydration. An 8-fluid-ounce daily increase in water intake was associated with a significantly lower risk of inadequate hydration (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.93, 0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Future research should explore drivers of gender and racial/ethnic disparities and solutions for improving hydration status.
Authors: Cara B Ebbeling; Henry A Feldman; Virginia R Chomitz; Tracy A Antonelli; Steven L Gortmaker; Stavroula K Osganian; David S Ludwig Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2012-09-21 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Anisha I Patel; Laura M Bogart; Marc N Elliott; Sheila Lamb; Kimberly E Uyeda; Jennifer Hawes-Dawson; David J Klein; Mark A Schuster Journal: Prev Chronic Dis Date: 2011-04-15 Impact factor: 2.830
Authors: Gala D Moreno; Laura A Schmidt; Lorrene D Ritchie; Charles E McCulloch; Michael D Cabana; Claire D Brindis; Lawrence W Green; Emily A Altman; Anisha I Patel Journal: Contemp Clin Trials Date: 2020-12-25 Impact factor: 2.226
Authors: Jennifer C Veilleux; Aaron R Caldwell; Evan C Johnson; Stavros Kavouras; Brendon P McDermott; Matthew S Ganio Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2019-04-03 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: Carolyn J Brooks; Steven L Gortmaker; Michael W Long; Angie L Cradock; Erica L Kenney Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2017-07-20 Impact factor: 9.308
Authors: Michael W Long; Steven L Gortmaker; Anisha I Patel; Stephen J Onufrak; Cara L Wilking; Angie L Cradock Journal: Am J Health Promot Date: 2016-10-03