István Molnár1, Jan Vrána2, András Farkas3, Marie Kubaláková2, András Cseh3, Márta Molnár-Láng3, Jaroslav Doležel2. 1. Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary and molnar.istvan@agrar.mta.hu. 2. Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic. 3. Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary and.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Aegilops markgrafii (CC) and its natural hybrids Ae. triuncialis (U(t)U(t)C(t)C(t)) and Ae. cylindrica (D(c)D(c)C(c)C(c)) represent a rich reservoir of useful genes for improvement of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), but the limited information available on their genome structure and the shortage of molecular (cyto-) genetic tools hamper the utilization of the extant genetic diversity. This study provides the complete karyotypes in the three species obtained after fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA probes, and evaluates the potential of flow cytometric chromosome sorting. METHODS: The flow karyotypes obtained after the analysis of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained chromosomes were characterized and the chromosome content of the peaks on the flow karyotypes was determined by FISH. Twenty-nine conserved orthologous set (COS) markers covering all seven wheat homoeologous chromosome groups were used for PCR with DNA amplified from flow-sorted chromosomes and genomic DNA. KEY RESULTS: FISH with repetitive DNA probes revealed that chromosomes 4C, 5C, 7C(t), T6U(t)S.6U(t)L-5C(t)L, 1C(c) and 5D(c) could be sorted with purities ranging from 66 to 91 %, while the remaining chromosomes could be sorted in groups of 2-5. This identified a partial wheat-C-genome homology for group 4 and 5 chromosomes. In addition, 1C chromosomes were homologous with group 1 of wheat; a small segment from group 2 indicated 1C-2C rearrangement. An extensively rearranged structure of chromosome 7C relative to wheat was also detected. CONCLUSIONS: The possibility of purifying Aegilops chromosomes provides an attractive opportunity to investigate the structure and evolution of the Aegilops C genome and to develop molecular tools to facilitate the identification of alien chromatin and support alien introgression breeding in bread wheat.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Aegilops markgrafii (CC) and its natural hybrids Ae. triuncialis (U(t)U(t)C(t)C(t)) and Ae. cylindrica (D(c)D(c)C(c)C(c)) represent a rich reservoir of useful genes for improvement of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), but the limited information available on their genome structure and the shortage of molecular (cyto-) genetic tools hamper the utilization of the extant genetic diversity. This study provides the complete karyotypes in the three species obtained after fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA probes, and evaluates the potential of flow cytometric chromosome sorting. METHODS: The flow karyotypes obtained after the analysis of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained chromosomes were characterized and the chromosome content of the peaks on the flow karyotypes was determined by FISH. Twenty-nine conserved orthologous set (COS) markers covering all seven wheat homoeologous chromosome groups were used for PCR with DNA amplified from flow-sorted chromosomes and genomic DNA. KEY RESULTS: FISH with repetitive DNA probes revealed that chromosomes 4C, 5C, 7C(t), T6U(t)S.6U(t)L-5C(t)L, 1C(c) and 5D(c) could be sorted with purities ranging from 66 to 91 %, while the remaining chromosomes could be sorted in groups of 2-5. This identified a partial wheat-C-genome homology for group 4 and 5 chromosomes. In addition, 1C chromosomes were homologous with group 1 of wheat; a small segment from group 2 indicated 1C-2C rearrangement. An extensively rearranged structure of chromosome 7C relative to wheat was also detected. CONCLUSIONS: The possibility of purifying Aegilops chromosomes provides an attractive opportunity to investigate the structure and evolution of the Aegilops C genome and to develop molecular tools to facilitate the identification of alien chromatin and support alien introgression breeding in bread wheat.
Authors: István Molnár; Marie Kubaláková; Hana Šimková; András Farkas; András Cseh; Mária Megyeri; Jan Vrána; Márta Molnár-Láng; Jaroslav Doležel Journal: Theor Appl Genet Date: 2014-02-20 Impact factor: 5.699
Authors: N Ali; Js Pat Heslop-Harrison; H Ahmad; R A Graybosch; G L Hein; T Schwarzacher Journal: Heredity (Edinb) Date: 2016-06-01 Impact factor: 3.821
Authors: Helal A Ansari; Nicholas W Ellison; Shalome A Bassett; Syed W Hussain; Gregory T Bryan; Warren M Williams Journal: BMC Genomics Date: 2016-11-25 Impact factor: 3.969
Authors: Surbhi Grewal; Manel Othmeni; Jack Walker; Stella Hubbart-Edwards; Cai-Yun Yang; Duncan Scholefield; Stephen Ashling; Peter Isaac; Ian P King; Julie King Journal: Front Plant Sci Date: 2020-05-14 Impact factor: 5.753
Authors: Zhixia Niu; Shiaoman Chao; Xiwen Cai; Rebecca B Whetten; Matthew Breiland; Christina Cowger; Xianming Chen; Bernd Friebe; Bikram S Gill; Jack B Rasmussen; Daryl L Klindworth; Steven S Xu Journal: Front Plant Sci Date: 2018-11-08 Impact factor: 5.753
Authors: Julie King; Surbhi Grewal; Cai-Yun Yang; Stella Hubbart Edwards; Duncan Scholefield; Stephen Ashling; John A Harper; Alexandra M Allen; Keith J Edwards; Amanda J Burridge; Ian P King Journal: Ann Bot Date: 2018-02-12 Impact factor: 4.357