Michael H Cho1,2, Peter J Castaldi1, Craig P Hersh1,2, Brian D Hobbs1,2, R Graham Barr3,4, Ruth Tal-Singer5, Per Bakke6, Amund Gulsvik6, Raúl San José Estépar7, Edwin J R Van Beek8,9,10, Harvey O Coxson11, David A Lynch12, George R Washko2, Nan M Laird13, James D Crapo12, Terri H Beaty14, Edwin K Silverman1,2. 1. 1 Channing Division of Network Medicine and. 2. 2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and. 3. 3 Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and. 4. 4 Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York. 5. 5 GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. 6. 6 Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. 7. 7 Laboratory of Mathematics in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 8. 8 Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. 9. 9 Department of Radiology and. 10. 10 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. 11. 11 Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 12. 12 Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado. 13. 13 Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and. 14. 14 Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Abstract
RATIONALE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined by the presence of airflow limitation on spirometry, yet subjects with COPD can have marked differences in computed tomography imaging. These differences may be driven by genetic factors. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of quantitative imaging would identify loci not previously identified in analyses of COPD or spirometry. In addition, we sought to determine whether previously described genome-wide significant COPD and spirometric loci were associated with emphysema or airway phenotypes. OBJECTIVES: To identify genetic determinants of quantitative imaging phenotypes. METHODS: We performed a GWAS on two quantitative emphysema and two quantitative airway imaging phenotypes in the COPDGene (non-Hispanic white and African American), ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints), NETT (National Emphysema Treatment Trial), and GenKOLS (Genetics of COPD, Norway) studies and on percentage gas trapping in COPDGene. We also examined specific loci reported as genome-wide significant for spirometric phenotypes related to airflow limitation or COPD. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The total sample size across all cohorts was 12,031, of whom 9,338 were from COPDGene. We identified five loci associated with emphysema-related phenotypes, one with airway-related phenotypes, and two with gas trapping. These loci included previously reported associations, including the HHIP, 15q25, and AGER loci, as well as novel associations near SERPINA10 and DLC1. All previously reported COPD and a significant number of spirometric GWAS loci were at least nominally (P < 0.05) associated with either emphysema or airway phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Genome-wide analysis may identify novel risk factors for quantitative imaging characteristics in COPD and also identify imaging features associated with previously identified lung function loci.
RATIONALE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined by the presence of airflow limitation on spirometry, yet subjects with COPD can have marked differences in computed tomography imaging. These differences may be driven by genetic factors. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of quantitative imaging would identify loci not previously identified in analyses of COPD or spirometry. In addition, we sought to determine whether previously described genome-wide significant COPD and spirometric loci were associated with emphysema or airway phenotypes. OBJECTIVES: To identify genetic determinants of quantitative imaging phenotypes. METHODS: We performed a GWAS on two quantitative emphysema and two quantitative airway imaging phenotypes in the COPDGene (non-Hispanic white and African American), ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints), NETT (National Emphysema Treatment Trial), and GenKOLS (Genetics of COPD, Norway) studies and on percentage gas trapping in COPDGene. We also examined specific loci reported as genome-wide significant for spirometric phenotypes related to airflow limitation or COPD. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The total sample size across all cohorts was 12,031, of whom 9,338 were from COPDGene. We identified five loci associated with emphysema-related phenotypes, one with airway-related phenotypes, and two with gas trapping. These loci included previously reported associations, including the HHIP, 15q25, and AGER loci, as well as novel associations near SERPINA10 and DLC1. All previously reported COPD and a significant number of spirometric GWAS loci were at least nominally (P < 0.05) associated with either emphysema or airway phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Genome-wide analysis may identify novel risk factors for quantitative imaging characteristics in COPD and also identify imaging features associated with previously identified lung function loci.
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