Giancarlo Lucchetti1, Parameshwaran Ramakrishnan2,3, Azimatul Karimah4, Gabriela R Oliveira5, Amit Dias6, Anil Rane6, A Shukla7, S Lakshmi8, B K Ansari9, R S Ramaswamy10, Rajender A Reddy11, Antoinette Tribulato12, Anil K Agarwal12, Jagadish Bhat6, Namburu Satyaprasad7, Mushtaq Ahmad9, Pasupuleti Hanumantha Rao13, Pratima Murthy14, Kuntaman Kuntaman4, Harold G Koenig15,16, Alessandra L G Lucchetti17. 1. Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Avenida Eugênio do Nascimento s/n - Aeroporto, 36038330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. g.lucchetti@yahoo.com.br. 2. Harvard Divinity School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. 3. AdiBhat Foundation, New Delhi, India. 4. University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. 5. Marilia Medical School, Marilia, Brazil. 6. Goa University, Bambolim, Goa, 403001, India. 7. B.R.K.R. Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College, Hyderabad, India. 8. Gandhi Institute of Yoga and Naturopathy, Hyderabad, India. 9. Central Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Hyderabad, India. 10. National Institute of Siddha Medical Sciences, Chennai, India. 11. J.S.P.S Govt. Homeopathic Medical College, Hyderabad, India. 12. HELP Foundation of Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA. 13. Sweekaar-Upkaar Rehabilitation Institute for Handicapped, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, India. 14. National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India. 15. Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. 16. King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 17. Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Avenida Eugênio do Nascimento s/n - Aeroporto, 36038330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: One of the biggest challenges in the spirituality, religiosity, and health field is to understand how patients and physicians from different cultures deal with spiritual and religious issues in clinical practice. PURPOSE: The present study aims to compare physicians' perspectives on the influence of spirituality and religion (S/R) on health between Brazil, India, and Indonesia. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional, cross-cultural, multi-center study carried out from 2010 to 2012, examining physicians' attitudes from two continents. Participants completed a self-rated questionnaire that collected information on sociodemographic characteristics, S/R involvement, and perspectives concerning religion, spirituality, and health. Differences between physicians' responses in each country were examined using chi-squared, ANOVA, and MANCOVA. RESULTS: A total of 611 physicians (194 from Brazil, 295 from India, and 122 from Indonesia) completed the survey. Indonesian physicians were more religious and more likely to address S/R when caring for patients. Brazilian physicians were more likely to believe that S/R influenced patients' health. Brazilian and Indonesians were as likely as to believe that it is appropriate to talk and discuss S/R with patients, and more likely than Indians. No differences were found concerning attitudes toward spiritual issues. CONCLUSION: Physicians from these different three countries had very different attitudes on spirituality, religiosity, and health. Ethnicity and culture can have an important influence on how spirituality is approached in medical practice. S/R curricula that train physicians how to address spirituality in clinical practice must take these differences into account.
BACKGROUND: One of the biggest challenges in the spirituality, religiosity, and health field is to understand how patients and physicians from different cultures deal with spiritual and religious issues in clinical practice. PURPOSE: The present study aims to compare physicians' perspectives on the influence of spirituality and religion (S/R) on health between Brazil, India, and Indonesia. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional, cross-cultural, multi-center study carried out from 2010 to 2012, examining physicians' attitudes from two continents. Participants completed a self-rated questionnaire that collected information on sociodemographic characteristics, S/R involvement, and perspectives concerning religion, spirituality, and health. Differences between physicians' responses in each country were examined using chi-squared, ANOVA, and MANCOVA. RESULTS: A total of 611 physicians (194 from Brazil, 295 from India, and 122 from Indonesia) completed the survey. Indonesian physicians were more religious and more likely to address S/R when caring for patients. Brazilian physicians were more likely to believe that S/R influenced patients' health. Brazilian and Indonesians were as likely as to believe that it is appropriate to talk and discuss S/R with patients, and more likely than Indians. No differences were found concerning attitudes toward spiritual issues. CONCLUSION: Physicians from these different three countries had very different attitudes on spirituality, religiosity, and health. Ethnicity and culture can have an important influence on how spirituality is approached in medical practice. S/R curricula that train physicians how to address spirituality in clinical practice must take these differences into account.
Entities:
Keywords:
Medical education; Physician attitudes; Religion and medicine; Spirituality
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