The potential of sestrins as therapeutic targets for diabetes.

Sestrins (Sesn1/2/3) belong to a small protein family that has versatile biological functions. In addition to initially characterized oxidoreductase activity, sestrins also have oxidoreductase-independent functions, including activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and activation of mTORC2. As these kinases are important for metabolic regulation, sestrins have a favorable profile as potential therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Recent data are in line with such a notion. In this editorial, I have attempted to provide a brief update on the major findings in regard to sestrins in metabolism.